Integrated analysis identifies AQP9 correlates with immune infiltration and acts as a prognosticator in multiple cancers

Abstract

Aquaporin 9 (AQP9), as an aquaglyceroporin, is expressed in many immune cells and plays important role in tumor initiation and progression. However, the relationship between AQP9 and tumor-infiltrating cells, and its prognostic value in cancers still require comprehensive understanding. Herein, we aimed to elucidate the correlations of AQP9 with prognosis and immune infiltration levels in diverse cancers. We detected the expression and survival data of AQP9 through Oncomine, TIMER, Kaplan–Meier Plotter and PrognoScan databases. The correlations between AQP9 and immune infiltrates were analyzed in TIMER database. Our results found that high AQP9 expression was significantly correlated with worse prognosis in breast, colon and lung cancers, while predicted better prognosis in gastric cancer. Moreover, AQP9 had significant association with various immune infiltrating cells including CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, neutrophils, macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), and diverse immune gene markers in BRCA, COAD, LUAD, LUSC and STAD. AQP9 was also significantly correlated with the regulation of tumor associated macrophages (TAM). These results indicate that AQP9 can play as a significant biomarker to determine the prognosis and the immune infiltrating levels in different cancers. It might also contribute to the development of the immunotherapy in breast, colon, lung and gastric cancers.

Prognostic Value and Immunological Role of KIFC1 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

“…Secondly, it is well known that Treg cells can inhibit the function of T cells and are an important factor in maintaining the immune tolerance of the body. However, in tumors, Treg cells become accomplices of cancer cells to help them escape the immune surveillance of the body, leading to tumor progression and metastasis ( Liu et al, 2020b ). Moreover, in immune cells, the mRNA expression of LIFC1 was the highest in Tregs.…”

Analysis of Gastric Cancer Transcriptome Allows the Identification of Histotype Specific Molecular Signatures With Prognostic Potential

“…AQP9 had significant association with various immune infiltrating cells including CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, neutrophils, tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) and dendritic cells (DCs) ( 133 , 134 ). However, high AQP9 expression was significantly correlated with worse prognosis in breast ( 135 ), colon and lung cancers ( 136 ), while predicted better prognosis in gastric cancer both in diffuse and intestinal gastric cancer ( 137 ). Therefore, we can suppose that our results showing a worse prognosis for patients with high levels of AQP9 in intestinal gastric cancer subset, may be due to the presence of a stronger immune and inflammatory component.…”

Development of an Individualized Immune Prognostic Signature for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma through the Identification of Differential Immune Genes

“…Aquaporin-9, the protein encoded by the AQP9 gene, has been found to be carcinogenic in many tumors [ 17 ]. It is a membrane channel protein that allows the penetration of small solutes, including glycerol, urea, and nucleobases.…”