Integrated Analysis of COX-2 and iNOS Derived Inflammatory Mediators in LPS-Stimulated RAW Macrophages Pre-Exposed to Echium plantagineum L. Bee Pollen Extract

Moita, Eduarda; Gil‐Izquierdo, Ángel; Sousa, Carla; Ferreres, Federico; Silva, Luís; Valentão, Patrı́cia; Domínguez‐Perles, Raúl; Baenas, Nieves; Andrade, Paula B.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0059131

Cited by 92 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…14 cNO is an important inammatory mediator synthesized from oxygen and L-arginine by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). 17,18 Lipoxygenase (LOX) has a primordial role in inammation, converting arachidonic acid (AA) released from membranes into an oxidized compound, which is further metabolized to different leukotrienes. In addition, cNO is essential in the regulation of other physiological features, such as blood pressure, wound repair and neurotransmission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty acids from edible sea hares: anti-inflammatory capacity in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells involves iNOS modulation

et al. 2015

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The inclusion of marine organisms in the diet is gaining importance due to their richness in health beneficial nutrients. This study evaluated the fatty acid composition and anti-inflammatory potential of lipophilic extracts of two edible sea hares, Aplysia fasciata Poiret and Aplysia punctata Cuvier. Twenty-five fatty acids were determined, nine of them not yet reported in these species. They revealed similar antiinflammatory properties in RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide, as ascertained by the decreased levels of cNO in the culture medium. A decrease of L-citrulline was also observed, indicating that the compounds may act by modulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). A. punctata was most effective as lipoxygenase inhibitor, probably because it contains more polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) that can compete with linoleic acid for the active site, decreasing enzyme activity. The antiinflammatory potential of A. fasciata and A. punctata is reported here for the first time.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty acids from edible sea hares: anti-inflammatory capacity in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells involves iNOS modulation

et al. 2015

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“…However, ionization in the negative ion mode is inefficient in comparison to ionization in the positive ion mode. Although oxidized fatty acids in inflammatory cells, abscesses, exudates or inflammatory fluids can be measured using negative mode ionization [39-51], the much lower abundance of oxidized fatty acid signaling metabolites that regulate cellular function in muscle, liver, brain and other solid organs are typically 20 - 2000 fold lower than that present in inflammatory cells or fluids. Thus, the substantially lower ionization efficiency in the negative ion mode has placed severe limitations on the accurate identification and quantitation of oxidized fatty acids in non-inflammatory cells and tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidized fatty acid analysis by charge-switch derivatization, selected reaction monitoring, and accurate mass quantitation

Liu

Moon

Mancuso

et al. 2013

Analytical Biochemistry

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A highly sensitive, specific and robust method for the analysis of oxidized metabolites of linoleic, acid (LA), arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was developed using charge-switch derivatization, LC-ESI MS/MS with selected reaction monitoring (SRM) and quantitation by high mass accuracy analysis of product ions thereby minimizing interferences from contaminating ions. Charge-switch derivatization of LA, AA and DHA metabolites with N-(4-aminomethylphenyl)-pyridinium resulted in a 10-30 fold increase in ionization efficiency. Improved quantitation was accompanied by decreased false positive interferences through accurate mass measurements of diagnostic product ions during SRM transitions by ratiometric comparisons with stable isotope internal standards. The limits of quantification (LOQ) were between 0.05 to 6.0 pg with a dynamic range of 3-4 orders of magnitude (correlation coefficient r2 > 0.99). This approach was utilized to quantitate the levels of representative fatty acid metabolites from WT and iPLA2γ−/− mouse liver identifying the role of iPLA2γ in hepatic lipid 2nd messenger production. Collectively, these results demonstrate the utility of high mass accuracy product ion analysis in conjunction with charge-switch derivatization for the highly specific quantitation of diminutive amounts of LA, AA and DHA metabolites in biologic systems.

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“…Expressions of these factors are highly dependent on activation of NF-κB pathway [75]. S. aureus infection led to significant increment in the expression of both of these proteins due to infection-induced marked elevation in the levels of proinflammatory cytokines which activated NF-κB signaling.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutralization of MMP-2 and TNFR1 Regulates the Severity of S. aureus-Induced Septic Arthritis by Differential Alteration of Local and Systemic Proinflammatory Cytokines in Mice

2017

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Despite advancement in the field of antibiotics septic arthritis remains a serious concern till date. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common bacterium that causes septic arthritis. Severity of this disease is directly correlated with chronic inflammation induced by proinflammatory cytokines like TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and induction of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) including MMP-2. The objective of our study was to evaluate the role of MMP-2 and tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) in the pathogenesis of S. aureus infection-induced septic arthritis. Mice were infected with live S. aureus (5 × 10 cells/ml) followed by administration of MMP-2 inhibitor and TNFR1 antibody. Arthritis index showed highest reduction in severity of arthritis in mice treated with both MMP-2 inhibitor and TNFR1 antibody after infection. Combined neutralization of MMP-2 and TNFR1 led to marked diminution in bacterial count in the combined group. Lowest levels of pro inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IFN-γ were observed in both serum and synovial tissues indicating maximum protection in S. aureus arthritis during combination treatment. Increment in the level of IL-10 in the combination group could be positively correlated with the recovery of arthritis. Similarly, expressions of COX-2 and iNOS, markers of acute inflammation were also significantly reduced in the combination group due to resolution of inflammation. Levels of O2 and NO also showed a significant fall in case of the group treated with MMP-2 inhibitor and TNFR1 antibody both. Neutralization of both MMP-2 and TNFR1 caused rapid decline in recruitment of neutrophil and macrophages in the synovial tissues as evident from reduced MPO and MCP-1 levels, respectively, compared to other groups. Overall, it can be suggested that administration of MMP-2 inhibitor and TNFR1 antibody in combination is protective against the severity of inflammation and cartilage destruction associated with S. aureus infection-induced septic arthritis by altering the levels of cytokines.

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Integrated Analysis of COX-2 and iNOS Derived Inflammatory Mediators in LPS-Stimulated RAW Macrophages Pre-Exposed to Echium plantagineum L. Bee Pollen Extract

Cited by 92 publications

References 47 publications

Fatty acids from edible sea hares: anti-inflammatory capacity in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells involves iNOS modulation

Fatty acids from edible sea hares: anti-inflammatory capacity in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells involves iNOS modulation

Oxidized fatty acid analysis by charge-switch derivatization, selected reaction monitoring, and accurate mass quantitation

Neutralization of MMP-2 and TNFR1 Regulates the Severity of S. aureus-Induced Septic Arthritis by Differential Alteration of Local and Systemic Proinflammatory Cytokines in Mice

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