Integrated Arbitrary Filter With Spiral Gratings: Design and Characterization

Hu, Yiwen; Xie, Shengjie; Zhan, Jiahao; Zhang, Yang; Veilleux, Sylvain; Dagenais, M.

doi:10.1109/jlt.2020.2992758

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…EUV, x-ray, e-beam, focused ion-beam, nanoimprint lithography) to create nm-scale structures and reduce scattering off sidewall irregularities. Losses at wavelengths >1 µm due to N-H and O-H absorption features in Si 3 N 4 waveguides can be reduced by annealing before patterning to provide wider passbands (0.4-2.4 µm) [383].…”

Section: Advances In Science and Technology To Meet Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

2023 Astrophotonics Roadmap: pathways to realizing multi-functional integrated astrophotonic instruments

Jovanovic,

Gatkine,

Anugu

et al. 2023

J. Phys. Photonics

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Photonic technologies offer numerous functionalities that can be used to realize astrophotonic instruments. The most spectacular example to date is the ESO Gravity instrument at the Very Large Telescope in Chile that combines the light-gathering power of four 8-m telescopes through a complex photonic interferometer. Fully integrated astrophotonic devices offer critical advantages for instrument development, including extreme miniaturization when operating at the diffraction-limit, plus integration, superior thermal and mechanical stabilization owing to the small footprint, and high replicability offering significant cost savings. Numerous astrophotonic technologies have been developed to address shortcomings of conventional instruments to date, including the development of photonic lanterns to convert from multimode inputs to single mode outputs, complex aperiodic fiber Bragg gratings to filter OH emission from the atmosphere, beam combiners enabling long baseline interferometry with for example, ESO Gravity, and laser frequency combs for high precision spectral calibration of spectrometers. Despite these successes, the facility implementation of photonic solutions in astronomical instrumentation is currently limited because of 1) low throughputs from coupling to fibers, coupling fibers to chips, propagation and bend losses, device losses, etc., 2) difficulties with scaling to large channel count devices needed for large bandwidths and high resolutions, and 3) efficient integration of photonics with detectors. In this roadmap, we identify 23 key areas that need further development. We outline the challenges and advances needed across those areas covering design tools, simulation capabilities, fabrication processes, the need for entirely new components, integration and hybridization and the characterization of devices. To realize these advances the astrophotonics community will have to work cooperatively with industrial partners who have more advanced manufacturing capabilities. With the advances described herein, multi-functional integrated instruments will be realized leading to novel observing capabilities for both ground and space based platforms, enabling new scientific studies and discoveries.

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Section: Advances In Science and Technology To Meet Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

2023 Astrophotonics Roadmap: pathways to realizing multi-functional integrated astrophotonic instruments

Jovanovic,

Gatkine,

Anugu

et al. 2023

J. Phys. Photonics

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“…It has been demonstrated that by modulating the coupling coefficient (grating strength) along the grating, a filter [ 45 , 46 ] with any spectral response can be built [ 47 ]. This approach, also known as apodization, has allowed for the creation of adaptable spectrum filters for applications such as WDM [ 48 , 49 ], optical signal processing [ 50 ], optical communications [ 51 ], and astrophotonics [ 52 ], to mention a few. Bragg filters have traditionally been realized in integrated photonic systems using sidewall corrugated gratings, which modulate the WG width.…”

Section: Bg Structures Based On a Semiconductor Platformmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Waveguide Bragg Grating Structures, Platforms, and Applications: An Up-to-Date Appraisal

2022

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A Bragg grating (BG) is a one-dimensional optical device that may reflect a specific wavelength of light while transmitting all others. It is created by the periodic fluctuation of the refractive index in the waveguide (WG). The reflectivity of a BG is specified by the index modulation profile. A Bragg grating is a flexible optical filter that has found broad use in several scientific and industrial domains due to its straightforward construction and distinctive filtering capacity. WG BGs are also widely utilized in sensing applications due to their easy integration and high sensitivity. Sensors that utilize optical signals for sensing have several benefits over conventional sensors that use electric signals to achieve detection, including being lighter, having a strong ability to resist electromagnetic interference, consuming less power, operating over a wider frequency range, performing consistently, operating at a high speed, and experiencing less loss and crosstalk. WG BGs are simple to include in chips and are compatible with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) manufacturing processes. In this review, WG BG structures based on three major optical platforms including semiconductors, polymers, and plasmonics are discussed for filtering and sensing applications. Based on the desired application and available fabrication facilities, the optical platform is selected, which mainly regulates the device performance and footprint.

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“…The cross-dispersion setup separates the overlapping spectral orders in a direction perpendicular to the chip and images the spectrum onto a detector. The waveguide Bragg Grating filters 11,12 can be introduced in the input waveguides of the AWG for filtering out atmospheric emission lines before they illuminate the free propagation region of the AWG.…”

Section: An Integrated Photonic Spectrographmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an integrated near-IR astrophotonic spectrograph

Gatkine

Sitaram

Veilleux

et al. 2020

Advances in Optical and Mechanical Technologies for Telescopes and Instrumentation IV

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Here, we present an astrophotonic spectrograph in the near-IR H-band (1.45 -1.65 µm) and a spectral resolution (λ/δλ) of 1500. The main dispersing element of the spectrograph is a photonic chip based on Arrayed-Waveguide-Grating technology. The 1D spectrum produced on the focal plane of the AWG contains overlapping spectral orders, each spanning a 10 nm band in wavelength. These spectral orders are cross-dispersed in the perpendicular direction using a cross-dispersion setup which consists of collimating lenses and a prism and the 2D spectrum is thus imaged onto a near-IR detector. Here, as a proof of concept, we use a few-mode photonic lantern to capture the light and feed the emanating single-mode outputs to the AWG chip for dispersion. The total size of the setup is 50×30×20 cm 3 , nearly the size of a shoebox. This spectrograph will pave the way for future miniaturized integrated photonic spectrographs on large telescopes, particularly for building future photonic multi-object spectrographs.

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Integrated Arbitrary Filter With Spiral Gratings: Design and Characterization

Cited by 11 publications

References 37 publications

2023 Astrophotonics Roadmap: pathways to realizing multi-functional integrated astrophotonic instruments

2023 Astrophotonics Roadmap: pathways to realizing multi-functional integrated astrophotonic instruments

Advances in Waveguide Bragg Grating Structures, Platforms, and Applications: An Up-to-Date Appraisal

Development of an integrated near-IR astrophotonic spectrograph

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