Integrated assessment of the control of wastewater pollution in Zarqa Governate, Jordan

Mrayyan, Bassam; Hussein, Iyad Ahmed Jamal

doi:10.1504/ijep.2004.005911

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…According to reports, Jordan’s wastewater is very strong, highly salinized, contains heavy metals, and contains toxic organic compounds. Furthermore, Jordan’s raw wastewater contains large organic contents resulting from low home water consumption and industrial waste [ 96 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Xenoestrogens in Jordanian Water System: Activity and Identification

Akkam

Omari

Alhmoud

et al. 2023

Toxics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sex hormone disruptors (xenoestrogens) are a global concern due to their potential toxicity. However, to date, there has been no study to investigate the presence of xenoestrogen pollutants in the Jordanian water system. Samples in triplicates were collected from six locations in Jordan, including dams, surface water, tap or faucet water, and filtered water (drinking water—local company). Xenoestrogens were then extracted and evaluated with a yeast estrogen screen utilizing Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Later, possible pollutants were mined using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled with a Bruker impact II Q-TOF-MS. Possible hits were identified using MetaboScape software (4000 compounds), which includes pesticide, pharmaceutical pollutant, veterinary drug, and toxic compound databases and a special library of 75 possible xenoestrogens. The presence of xenoestrogens in vegetable samples collected from two different locations was also investigated. The total estrogen equivalents according to the YES system were 2.9 ± 1.2, 9.5 ± 5, 2.5 ± 1.5, 1.4 ± 0.9 ng/L for King Talal Dam, As-Samra Wastewater Treatment Plant, King Abdullah Canal, and tap water, respectively. In Almujeb Dam and drinking water, the estrogenic activity was below the detection limit. Numbers of identified xenoestrogens were: As-Samra Wastewater Treatment Plant 27 pollutants, King Talal Dam 20 pollutants, Almujeb Dam 10 pollutants, King Abdullah Canal 16 pollutants, Irbid tap water 32 pollutants, Amman tap water 30 pollutants, drinking water 3 pollutants, and vegetables 7 pollutants. However, a large number of compounds remained unknown. Xenoestrogen pollutants were detected in all tested samples, but the total estrogenic capacities were within the acceptable range. The major source of xenoestrogen pollutants was agricultural resources. Risk evaluations for low xenoestrogen activity should be taken into account, and thorough pesticide monitoring systems and regular inspections should also be established.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Xenoestrogens in Jordanian Water System: Activity and Identification

Akkam

Omari

Alhmoud

et al. 2023

Toxics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Because the receiving streams have very low flow, the high quantity with low quality of treated wastewater discharged from the centralize treatment plant cause high environmental load on these streams. About 76% of the treated wastewater is discharged to the Zarqa River, which is mixed with other river's tributaries along the river leading to significant improvements in its quality, yet the expected pollutants concentration remain higher than the allowable Jordanian standards [22,23]. The discharged water from the treatment plant could travel for a long distance to reach the final use locations, so this water stays in contact with the environment for a long time.…”

Section: Environmental Pressure Of Wwtpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wastewater Treatment and Water Reuse Technologies for Sustainable Water Resources: Jordan as a Case Study

QTEISHAT,

RADIDEH,

ALZBOON

et al. 2024

Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Due to the escalating water demands, in addition to sever water shortage, Jordan has done the most, making reuse a priority in their national water resources strategy. The waste stabilization ponds (WSP) represent the most economical method for wastewater treatment. For these reasons, many treatment plants were built in Jordan Since 1984 where more than 78% of all wastewater discharges had been treated in WSP. Recently, most of these plants were changed to mechanical technologies. The present study aims to evaluate the efficiency of the existing wastewater treatment technologies and to determine the necessity of modified systems. In addition, 80 samples of wastewater collected from the wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) inlet and outlet, analysed for BOD, COD, TSS, and NH4 parameters. Ramtha WWTP was chosen a case study to assess the environmental impact of using modern technologies. Results indicated that the existing treatment plants are facing over hydraulic and organic loads, which cause significant deterioration in their efficiencies. Most of the plants are incapable to achieve the required standards for water reuse. The modern technologies provided high removal efficiencies, better control of odours, operation flexibility, and lower environmental load. Modern treatment technologies can create additional water resources, which is very important parameter in Jordan's water budget. Adequate design, using modern treatment technologies, enacting stricter regulations and better management of urban and rural waste will create more than 200 million cubic meter per year of treated water, which can be reused for irrigation.

show abstract

“…are factors that influence and are influenced by LULC. The Amman Zarqa Basin (AZB) is one of the most important basins in Jordan in terms of agricultural activities, hydrological processes, and development activities, containing 52% of the country's industrial activity [31]. The AZB centralization leads to accelerating urban growth and expansion of urban areas.…”

Section: Lulc Change Driversmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Historical–Projected Analysis in Land Use/Land Cover in Developing Arid Region Using Spatial Differences and Its Relation to the Climate

2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Land resources are under relentless pressure from metropolitan regions, pollution, and climate shifts. The urge to monitor Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) and climate changes based on technology and sustainable management are addressed. This study analyzes the historical land cover maps to calculate growth patterns for the years 1985–2022 and uses Logistic Regression (LR) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) to project future dynamics forecasts for the years 2030–2040 in the Amman-Zarqa Basin (AZB). The state of the climate and the extreme indices projections of CMIP5 under RCP8.5 are linked to the corrected historical LULC maps and assessed. Given greater dry covering of large surface runoff, little rainfall, and high evapotranspiration rates, the state of the climate across the AZB notably showed instability in key climatic indices and a major exacerbation of warmth and drier soil in the basin. Both climate change and land use are contributing dynamics, but land-use alterations are much more dramatic changes than climate changes. Since the effects of climate alterations are mostly identifiable through land cover forms, land use practices put the phase that may be influenced by climate change. The results revealed that the daily extremes in 1992 are aligned with the corresponding increase of barren lands and diminished the half area of forest, cultivated, rainfed, and pasture lands in 1995. Rainfed regions were converted to agriculture or shrubland with an accuracy of 0.87, and urban encroachment caused the acreage of woodland, cultivated, rainfed, and grazing fields to decrease by almost half. Predicted land cover maps were created using LR in 2030 (Kappa = 0.99) and 2040 (Kappa = 0.90), in contrast to the ANN approach (Kappa = 0.99 for 2030 and 0.90 for 2040). By combining ANN and LR, decreasing bare soil was anticipated between 325 km2 and 344 km2. As a result, 20% of the total area of the major AZB cities’ urban areas will be doubled. More subjective analysis is required to study and predict drought in the future to improve the resilience of various LULC types.

show abstract

Integrated assessment of the control of wastewater pollution in Zarqa Governate, Jordan

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Assessment of Xenoestrogens in Jordanian Water System: Activity and Identification

Assessment of Xenoestrogens in Jordanian Water System: Activity and Identification

Wastewater Treatment and Water Reuse Technologies for Sustainable Water Resources: Jordan as a Case Study

A Historical–Projected Analysis in Land Use/Land Cover in Developing Arid Region Using Spatial Differences and Its Relation to the Climate

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About