Integrated Broadband Bowtie Antenna on Transparent Silica Substrate

Abstract

Abstract-The bowtie antenna is a topic of growing interest in recent years. In this paper, we design, fabricate, and characterize a modified gold bowtie antenna integrated on a transparent silica substrate. The bowtie antenna is designed with broad RF bandwidth to cover the X-band in the electromagnetic spectrum. We numerically investigate the antenna characteristics, specifically its resonant frequency and enhancement factor. Our designed bowtie antenna provides a strong broadband electric field enhancement in its feed gap. Taking advantage of the low-k silica substrate, high enhancement factor can be achieved without the unwanted reflection and scattering from the backside silicon handle which is the issue of using an SOI substrate. We simulate the dependence of resonance frequency on bowtie geometry, and verify the simulation results through experimental investigation, by fabricating different sets of bowtie antennas on silica substrates and then measuring their resonance frequencies. In addition, the farfield radiation pattern of the bowtie antenna is measured, and it shows dipole-like characteristics with large beam width. Such a broadband antenna will be useful for a myriad of applications, ranging from photonic electromagnetic wave sensing to wireless communications.

Understanding localized surface plasmon resonance with propagative surface plasmon polaritons in optical nanogap antennas

“…The method can be extended to the analysis of other antenna structures, such as antennas with circular cross section [37,39], L-shaped antennas [48], cross antennas [45], split ring antennas [46,47], or antenna arrays [1]. For antennas with arms of varying cross section such as bowtie antennas [49] or diabolo antennas [50], it could be possible to extend the present model by defining a SPP mode that propagates along the antenna arms adiabatically if the variation of the cross section is slow enough.…”

“…For calculating the Purcell factor, the model provides a new analytical expression of the mode volume of QNM in terms of the SPP scattering coefficients, which avoids the difficulty in calculating the mode volume caused by the divergence of the QNM field at infinity that was overcome recently [20]. The present model establishes explicit relations between the concepts of the LSPR and the propagative SPP, and it integrates the advantages of the Fabry-Perot and QNM formalisms in understanding the resonance of nanogap antennas, which may inspire new design strategies of antenna devices with different geometries [1,[45][46][47][48][49][50].…”

Design and Analysis of Broadband LiNbO3 Optical Waveguide Electric Field Sensor with Tapered Antenna

“…To solve the aforementioned problem, in the 1980s, the integrated optical waveguide electric field sensor based on the Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) was proposed for the first time and extensively researched [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. Subsequently, the researchers mainly focused on how to improve the bandwidth, sensitivity, and stability of the sensor [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ]. Recently, the sensors based on the bow-tie antenna with capacitive extended bars [ 28 ], multi-arm bow-tie antenna [ 29 ], and flexible bow-tie antenna [ 30 ] have been developed.…”

High-Performance Radiation Design of a Planar Bow-tie Antenna Combined with a Dielectric Lens and Cascaded Matching Layers at Terahertz Frequency

“…The bow-tie antenna is designed to achieve a 1 THz resonant frequency. Its design is then modified by applying a capacitive bar attached near its apex points to widen the bandwidth (Zhang et al, 2016). To increase the gain and radiation efficiency, a dielectric silicon lens and a matching layer based on the quarter-wavelength are applied in the design.…”