Integrated chemical and transcriptomic analyses unveils synthetic characteristics of different medicinal root parts of Angelica sinensis

Xu, Ran; Xu, Jiang; Li, Yong-chang; Dai, Yuntao; Zhang, Shao-peng; Wang, Guang; Liu, Zhiguo; Dong, Lixin; Chen, Shilin

doi:10.1016/j.chmed.2019.07.003

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…First-strand cDNA was synthesized using a FastKing RT kit (KR116; Tiangen, Beijing, China) with one cycle at 42 °C for 15 min and then at 95 °C for 3 min. qRT-PCR gene expression was carried out using a SuperReal PreMix Plus (SYBR Green) (FP205; Tiangen, Beijing, China) with one cycle at 95 °C for 15 min, followed by 40 cycles at 95 °C for 10 s, 60 °C for 20 s and 72 °C for 30 s. Melting curve analysis was performed after incubation at 95 °C for 15 s, 60 °C for 1 min and 95 °C for 1 s. The actin gene was used as a reference control gene [ 9 , 15 , 16 , 26 ]. Herein, the cycle threshold (Ct) values and standard curves of the ACT gene at different volumes (0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 3.0 μL) were built to correct the gene expression level ( Figures S3 and S4 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory Networks of Flowering Genes in Angelica sinensis during Vernalization

Luo

Liu

et al. 2022

Plants

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Angelica sinensis is a low-temperature and long-day perennial herb that has been widely used for cardio-cerebrovascular diseases in recent years. In commercial cultivation, up to 40% of flowering decreases the officinal yield of roots and accumulation of bioactive compounds. Although the regulatory mechanism of flowering genes during the photoperiod has been revealed, the networks during vernalization have not been mapped. Here, transcriptomics profiles of A. sinensis with uncompleted (T1), completed (T2) and avoided vernalization (T3) were performed using RNA-seq, and genes expression was validated with qRT-PCR. A total of 61,241 isoforms were annotated on KEGG, KOG, Nr and Swiss-Prot databases; 4212 and 5301 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were observed; and 151 and 155 genes involved in flowering were dug out at T2 vs. T1 and T3 vs. T1, respectively. According to functional annotation, 104 co-expressed genes were classified into six categories: FLC expression (22; e.g., VILs, FCA and FLK), sucrose metabolism (12; e.g., TPSs, SUS3 and SPSs), hormone response (18; e.g., GID1B, RAP2s and IAAs), circadian clock (2; i.e., ELF3 and COR27), downstream floral integrators and meristem identity (15; e.g., SOC1, AGL65 and SPLs) and cold response (35; e.g., PYLs, ERFs and CORs). The expression levels of candidate genes were almost consistent with FPKM values and changes in sugar and hormone contents. Based on their functions, four pathways that regulate flowering during vernalization were mapped, including the vernalization pathway, the autonomic pathway, the age pathway and the GA (hormone) pathway. This transcriptomic analysis provides new insights into the gene-regulatory networks of flowering in A. sinensis.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory Networks of Flowering Genes in Angelica sinensis during Vernalization

Luo

Liu

et al. 2022

Plants

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“…p -value <0.05 and |log 2 foldchange|>1 were used for selecting differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The volcano plot and cluster heatmap were performed on the normalized gene expression data to visualize the resulting expression intensity values of the ileum transcripts ( Xu et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herb Formula (GCis) Prevents Pulmonary Infection Secondary to Intracerebral Hemorrhage by Enhancing Peripheral Immunity and Intestinal Mucosal Immune Barrier

Miao

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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Lung infection is a common complication induced by stroke and seriously affects the prognosis and life quality of patients. However, effective therapeutic strategies are still lacking. In the present study, the herb formula GCis was confirmed to prevent pulmonary infection induced by intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The animal model of lung infection induced by ICH, GCis (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, and Cistanches Herba) was orally administrated every day for 7 days. Lung microbial biomass and pathological results showed that the GCis formula pretreatment significantly reduced lung bacterial biomass and alleviated pathological abnormalities. These results indicated that the GCis formula has a clear pharmacological effect on preventing lung infection induced by ICH. Immunosuppression induced by ICH seemed to be the main mechanism of lung infection. Our results showed that the spleen and thymus indexes, WBC, and LY% contents were significantly increased in the GCis formula group. Moreover, bone marrow cells were further analyzed by transcriptome sequencing, and GO and KEGG enrichment analysis results showed that immune function was the main pathway enriched by differential genes after GCis formula intervention. More importantly, our results showed that GCis pretreatment had no significant effect on the mRNA expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the brain. These results indicated that the GCis formula could enhance immunity after ICH. The intestinal barrier function was further investigated in the present study, considering the origin of the source of infection. Our results showed that the mRNA expressions of intestinal ZO-1, SIgA, and MUC2 were significantly increased, villi structure was intact, inflammatory cell infiltration was reduced, and goblet cell number was increased after GCis formula treatment. These results suggest that the GCis formula can enhance the intestinal mucosal immune barrier. This study provides a herb formula (GCis) that could enhance peripheral immunity and intestinal mucosal immune barrier to prevent pulmonary infection induced by ICH. It would be beneficial in the prevention of severe clinical infections.

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“…The increase in plant biomass at 15 °C authenticates that the A. sinensis species prefers cool environmental conditions, which is accordance with previous studies that higher-altitude improves the root yield and bioactive metabolites accumulation [ 11 , 12 , 14 ]. Several studies have found that cooler temperatures are conducive to plant growth and root biomass, such as increases in root diameter and biomass of Sinopodophyllum hexandrum seedings at 15 °C compared to 22 °C [ 15 , 26 ]; hairy roots biomass of Panax ginseng at 20 °C/13 °C compared to 25 °C and 35 °C/25 °C [ 27 ]; and whole plant biomass of Hypericum perforatum at 15 °C compared to 22 °C [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flavonoid biosynthesis was catalyzed by enzymes such as chalcone synthase (CHS) and chalcone isomerase (CHI) [ 23 , 24 ]. On the other hand, the biosynthesis pathway of phthalides, especially in ligustilide, and the genes that participate in regulating the biosynthesis are still limited [ 9 , 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cool Temperature Enhances Growth, Ferulic Acid and Flavonoid Biosynthesis While Inhibiting Polysaccharide Biosynthesis in Angelica sinensis

Han

Jin

et al. 2022

Molecules

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Angelica sinensis, a perennial herb that produces ferulic acid and phthalides for the treatment of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, prefers growing at an altitude of 1800–3000 m. Geographical models have predicted that high altitude, cool temperature and sunshade play determining roles in geo-authentic formation. Although the roles of altitude and light in yield and quality have been investigated, the role of temperature in regulating growth, metabolites biosynthesis and gene expression is still unclear. In this study, growth characteristics, metabolites contents and related genes expression were investigated by exposing A. sinensis to cooler (15 °C) and normal temperatures (22 °C). The results showed that plant biomass, the contents of ferulic acid and flavonoids and the expression levels of genes related to the biosynthesis of ferulic acid (PAL1, 4CLL4, 4CLL9, C3H, HCT, CCOAMT and CCR) and flavonoids (CHS and CHI) were enhanced at 15 °C compared to 22 °C. The contents of ligustilide and volatile oils exhibited slight increases, while polysaccharide contents decreased in response to cooler temperature. Based on gene expression levels, ferulic acid biosynthesis probably depends on the CCOAMT pathway and not the COMT pathway. It can be concluded that cool temperature enhances plant growth, ferulic acid and flavonoid accumulation but inhibits polysaccharide biosynthesis in A. sinensis. These findings authenticate that cool temperature plays a determining role in the formation of geo-authentic and also provide a strong foundation for regulating metabolites production of A. sinensis.

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Integrated chemical and transcriptomic analyses unveils synthetic characteristics of different medicinal root parts of Angelica sinensis

Cited by 17 publications

References 36 publications

Regulatory Networks of Flowering Genes in Angelica sinensis during Vernalization

Regulatory Networks of Flowering Genes in Angelica sinensis during Vernalization

Herb Formula (GCis) Prevents Pulmonary Infection Secondary to Intracerebral Hemorrhage by Enhancing Peripheral Immunity and Intestinal Mucosal Immune Barrier

Cool Temperature Enhances Growth, Ferulic Acid and Flavonoid Biosynthesis While Inhibiting Polysaccharide Biosynthesis in Angelica sinensis

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