Integrated computational materials engineering: A new paradigm for the global materials profession

Abstract

Coupled Models Component Design Performance Models Process Models Manufacturing Processes The Missing Link Materials Models MaterialsIntegrated computational materials engineering (ICME) is a new fi eld of study that is evolving within the global materials profession. It promises to revolutionize the way the engineering community deals with materials and the way the materials community provides input to the engineering and scientifi c communities. In fully mature form, ICME entails integration of information across length and time scales for all relevant materials phenomena and enables concurrent analysis of manufacturing, design, and materials within a holistic system. The ICME approach involves systems engineering analysis (e.g., multi-attribute optimization and uncertainty analysis) to solve complex design and materials problems. Integrated computational materials engineering offers a solution to the industrial need to quickly develop durable components at the lowest cost. It has important potential for accelerating the development of new materials.At its core, ICME involves the development of materials models that quantitatively describe processingstructure-property relationships for use by the engineering community. The development of these relationships, as depicted in Figure 1, has been a unifying paradigm in the fi eld of materials science and engineering since its inception. However, this important paradigm has not yet produced an effective computational engineering tool comparable to those used by mechanical engineers to analyze heat transfer, fl uid fl ow, and structural mechanics. In no small part, this is due to the profound complexity and breadth of issues that must be addressed in the engineering of materials. We postulate, however, that the lack of a computational tool for materials engineering has been largely due to a culture within the materials profession that has focused on digging deeply to understand isolated phenomena such as solidifi cation or fatigue behavior (so-called knowledge "nodes") at the expense of the linkages between the knowledge nodes. The focus of ICME is on developing these linkages, building quantitative models and databases that populate the knowledge base, and using the resulting system to solve materials development and application problems.Modern computing, in many instances, enables the prediction of microstructures and properties from fundamental principles. These tools are diverse and range from the atomic level to the continuum level and from thermodynamic models to physics-based property models. While the models provide important insights, there is no widespread organized effort to link them and provide them within an integrated suite of engineering tools. This is the vision for ICME: a comprehensive, integrated suite of validated computational materials models linked to analysis systems for manufacturing processes and engineering design. Such a suite of tools in a robust, user-friendly computational environment would enable simultaneous optimization of manufactur...

An integrated full-field model of concurrent plastic deformation and microstructure evolution: Application to 3D simulation of dynamic recrystallization in polycrystalline copper

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