“…Here, a simple method based on dc bus voltage levels using integer price values (…, $ − 1, $0, $1, $2, …) is proposed. Discrete dc bus voltage comparison values were adopted as in [26, 27], but without using complex state machines. The variable v level is an index generated by comparing the sampled dc bus voltage with the dc bus voltage levels limits (comparison values): where n is the sample in the price definition.…”