Integrated control of tobacco black shank by combined use of riboflavin and Bacillus subtilis strain Tpb55

Root Exudates Metabolic Profiling Suggests Distinct Defense Mechanisms Between Resistant and Susceptible Tobacco Cultivars Against Black Shank Disease

“…The zoospores of P. nicotianae were prepared according to the method described by Zhang et al. (2017) .…”

“…Each plant was irrigated with 10 ml of P. nicotianae spore suspensions (10 6 cfu ml -1 ). After incubating at 28°C for 7 days (relative humidity 70%, light intensity 300 μmol m −2 s −1 , 12 h light/12 h dark), the disease severity was recorded, and the disease index was calculated based on the method described by Zhang et al. (2017) .…”

“…The zoospores of P. nicotianae were prepared according to the method described by Zhang et al (2017). Briefly, P. nicotianae were cultured for 21 days on oatmeal agar (OA) in a Petri dish.…”

“…The mycelial growth and zoospore germination assays of root exudates obtained from R, S, Ri, and Si were performed according to the method described by Zhang et al (2017). Root exudates were dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), filtered with microporous membrane (0.22 mm), and added to OA plates (F=9 cm) at a final concentration of 0.05 g ml -1 .…”

“…Then, a cake of P. nicotianae (0.6 cm diameter) was placed in the center of the plate, and incubated in dark at 26°C for 5 days. The colony diameter was measured by the cross method, and the inhibition rate of mycelium growth were calculated (Zhang et al, 2017). The DMSO served as the control.…”