Integrated environmental monitoring system for spacecraft

Bogorad, A.; Bowman, Cheryl L.; Dennis, Arthur R.; Beck, J. B.; Lang, Dominik H.; Herschitz, R.; Buehler, M.; Blaes, B.; Martin, D. Christopher

doi:10.1109/23.489252

Cited by 45 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…For example, INTELSAT 802, located at about 174°E is about 3 hours of local time (45°) away from the nearest LANL vehicle. It carries a set of charge plate analyzers (CPA) [ Bogorad et al , 1995], of which the zenith sensor is known to best reflect the presence of surface charging conditions on the nightside (1800–0600 LT) [ Ozkul et al , 2001]. We have interpolated our hourly temperature reanalysis to the 1‐min time series of CPA voltages, using the nearest hourly local time and universal time value.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reanalysis of plasma measurements at geosynchronous orbit

O’Brien

Lemon

2007

Space Weather

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[1] Retrospective analyses of spacecraft anomalies, especially surface charging, require information about the local plasma environment. Such information is usually not available at geosynchronous orbit because most vehicles lack appropriate sensors. We have constructed a nearly continuous hourly database covering four plasma moments at geosynchronous orbit: density and temperature for hot (energies > 100 eV) protons and electrons. The four moments are provided for 24 hourly fiducial local time bins and cover the years 1990 --2005. We apply an ensemble of simple models to ''fill in'' the local time gaps between plasma measurements at geosynchronous orbit made by Los Alamos sensors. Validation on artificial data gaps shows that the reconstruction has rank order correlations ranging from 0.65 to 0.97, depending on bulk moment and local time. As a demonstration, we include a comparison of our reanalysis electron temperature to on-orbit surface charging measurements at a vehicle that lacks a plasma sensor. In addition to anomaly analyses, the reanalysis database we have produced can be used to provide geosynchronous boundary conditions for numerical simulations of the inner magnetosphere and temporal variations at a single location for statistical studies.Citation: O'Brien, T. P., and C. L. Lemon (2007), Reanalysis of plasma measurements at geosynchronous orbit, Space Weather, 5, S03007,

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reanalysis of plasma measurements at geosynchronous orbit

O’Brien

Lemon

2007

Space Weather

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“…All control electronics are located within the spacecraft cavity. Described in more detail by [4,12], the charging plate is connected to the input of an instrumentation operational amplifier through a highinput-impedance buffering RC circuit. The operational amplifier was configured to provide a 0 V to 5 V output compatible with typical spacecraft telemetry format.…”

Section: A Charge Plate Assemblymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CPA sensor is incorporated as a small 5 cm × 5 cm Z306 patch of thickness 0.05 mm (2 mil) with secondary yield and photoemission properties equivalent to that of Kapton. Complete incorporation of the Charge Plate Assembly, best described by [12], into spacecraft charging tools is a non trivial endeavour as NASCAP2K and EQUIPOT include only properties and characteristics relating to surface properties in performing surface charging simulations. Electrical / circuit elements associated with CPA design and implementation are, thereby, not included in the surface charging calculations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Geosynchronous ESD environment characterization via in situ measurements on host spacecraft

Likar

Bogorad

Lombardi

et al. 2011

2011 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility

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Controlling and mitigating spacecraft charging effects requires prudent design, test, and verification measures to related to material surface properties when exposed to a variety of operational and environmental conditions. In this paper we use two targeted sensors to characterize the surface charging environment and threat of surface / differential charging for June to October 2010. Surface potential measurements and ~4 keV to ~40 keV electron flux measurements are utilized to investigate the timescale of charging events, study complementary results amongst sensors on nearby spacecraft, and develop a process for near-real time charging threat assessment aboard host spacecraft. Findings are relevant for assessments of space system impacts resulting from surface discharges and ESD, simulations of surface charging, and laboratory testing of flight systems designs.

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“…An excellent example of a space weather effects sensor is the Charged Plate Analyzer (CPA) flown on several commercial satellites [Bo95;Oz01]. This simple sensor provides a real-time estimate of surface charging occurring on a surface patch representative of the host vehicle.…”

Section: Cpamentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeted and comprehensive space-environment sensors: description and recommendations

Reeves¹,

O'Brien²,

Mazur³

et al. 2009

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We discuss the roles of the two classes of space-environment sensors on operational space systems: (1) Targeted sensors capable of measuring the environment and effects at a level sufficient for providing situational awareness for the host spacecraft and (2) Comprehensive sensors capable of providing detailed environment measurements that can be mapped to a broad region of near-Earth space, providing global situational awareness and quantitative characterization of the environment. Our purpose is to show the usefulness of a heterogeneous architecture with both classes of sensors for the near-term and long-term needs of National Security Space. ______________________________

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Integrated environmental monitoring system for spacecraft

Cited by 45 publications

References 7 publications

Reanalysis of plasma measurements at geosynchronous orbit

Reanalysis of plasma measurements at geosynchronous orbit

Geosynchronous ESD environment characterization via in situ measurements on host spacecraft

Targeted and comprehensive space-environment sensors: description and recommendations

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