Integrated Experimental Characterization of Shales of Varying Thermal Maturation in the Central Appalachian Basin Using Raman and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy

Tan, Xinyu; Gilliland, Ellen; Tang, Xu; Ripepi, Nino

doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c01836

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Liu (2019) found that there is a strong positive correlation between Young's modulus and the carbon aromaticity (f a ). Tan et al (2021) also found that the increase in aromatic groups and the decrease in CH 2 /CH 3 ration can be regarded as potential reasons for the rise in OM's modulus. All of these results indicate that the evolution of OM's chemical structure leads to a modulus change in the maturation process.…”

Section: The Impact Of Tectonic Stress On Brittle Tectonically Deform...mentioning

confidence: 93%

“…(Ju et al, 2005a;Ju et al, 2005b;Ju and Li 2009). increasing attention in characterizing mechanical properties of rocks (Emmanuel et al, 2016;Li et al, 2017;Yang et al, 2017;Khatibi et al, 2018;Liu 2019;Li et al, 2020;Tan et al, 2021).…”

Section: The Impact Of Tectonic Stress On Brittle Tectonically Deform...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many of these studies have focused on the relationship between OM's Young's modulus and its maturity (Emmanuel et al, 2016;Khatibi et al, 2018;Liu 2019;Tan et al, 2021). However, the relationship between OM's Young's modulus and the deformation degree remains poorly understood.…”

Section: The Impact Of Tectonic Stress On Brittle Tectonically Deform...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All of these results indicate that the evolution of OM's chemical structure leads to a modulus change in the maturation process. As OM's macromolecule arrangements gradually transform from chaotic and mixed layers to an ordered arrangement, the Young's modulus increases (Khatibi et al, 2018;Tan et al, 2021).…”

Section: The Impact Of Tectonic Stress On Brittle Tectonically Deform...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanopore Structure and Mechanical Properties in Brittle Tectonically Deformed Coals Explored by Atomic Force Microscopy

2022

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Tectonically deformed coals (TDCs) are of great importance to coalbed methane exploitation and coal mining safety. Compared to primary coals, reservoir properties of TDCs have been transformed greatly by tectonic stress. Here, the pore structure and mechanical properties of primary coal and brittle TDCs were obtained with atomic force microscopy and software. The results showed that tectonic stress generally promotes pore development and Young’s modulus of brittle TDCs. According to the variation in pore structure and Young’s modulus, two stages were identified: weak brittle deformation stage (primary coal–cataclastic coal–schistose coal–mortar coal) and strong brittle deformation stage (mortar coal–granulitic coal–flaky coal). The extent of tectonic impact varies greatly between these two stages. In weak brittle deformation stage, tectonic stress has little impact on coal pore structure. The mean pore number increases slowly, and the mean pore size decreases slowly. In this stage, half of the pore number increment is provided by macropores of 100–200 nm diameter. In strong brittle deformation stage, tectonic stress has a major impact on coal pore structure. The mean pore number increases quickly, and the mean pore size decreases quickly. Most of the pore number increment comes from mesopores of 10–50 nm diameter and macropores of 50–100 nm diameter. In addition, the Young’s modulus of primary coal and different brittle TDCs varies from 1.5 to 2.0 GPa. In weak brittle deformation stage, the Young’s modulus of different samples levels off. While in strong brittle deformation stage, the Young’s modulus increases gradually. Combined with former studies, it is inferred that tectonic stress can influence coal’s Young’s modulus by transforming its chemical structure.

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Section: The Impact Of Tectonic Stress On Brittle Tectonically Deform...mentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: The Impact Of Tectonic Stress On Brittle Tectonically Deform...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Impact Of Tectonic Stress On Brittle Tectonically Deform...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Impact Of Tectonic Stress On Brittle Tectonically Deform...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanopore Structure and Mechanical Properties in Brittle Tectonically Deformed Coals Explored by Atomic Force Microscopy

2022

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Review: Pre-Darcy flows in low-permeability porous media

Teng,

Li,

Chen

2024

Hydrogeol J

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The widely used Darcy’s law specifies a linear relation between the Darcy velocity of fluid flow and the pressure gradient that drives the flow. However, studies have shown that Darcy velocity can exhibit a nonlinear dependence on the pressure gradient in low-permeability porous media such as clay and shale when the pressure gradient is adequately low. This phenomenon is referred to as low-velocity non-Darcian flow or pre-Darcy flow. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the theories, experimental data, and modeling methods for pre-Darcy flow in low-permeability porous media. The review begins by outlining the fundamental mechanisms underlying pre-Darcy flow that regulate the unique characteristics such as nonlinear dependence of the Darcy velocity on the pressure gradient and its relevance to fluid–rock interactions. The review then proceeds to present a thorough compilation of experimental investigations performed in various low-permeability geomaterials including tight sandstones, shales, and clays. Next, empirical and theoretical models and simulation methods that have been developed to fit and interpret experimental data are reviewed. Finally, the review underscores the challenges encountered in conducting and interpreting pre-Darcy flow experiments and suggests future research directions. By analyzing previous experimental investigations, this review aims to offer a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners seeking to enhance their understanding of fluid dynamics in low-permeability geomaterials. This provides insights into the application of pre-Darcy flow in numerous natural and engineered processes such as shale oil and gas recovery, contaminant transport in low-permeability aquifers, and geological disposal of nuclear waste.

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Nanomechanical characterization of organic-matter maturity by atomic force microscopy (AFM)

Zhang

Cao²,

Hu³

et al. 2022

International Journal of Coal Geology

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Integrated Experimental Characterization of Shales of Varying Thermal Maturation in the Central Appalachian Basin Using Raman and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy

Cited by 7 publications

References 50 publications

Nanopore Structure and Mechanical Properties in Brittle Tectonically Deformed Coals Explored by Atomic Force Microscopy

Nanopore Structure and Mechanical Properties in Brittle Tectonically Deformed Coals Explored by Atomic Force Microscopy

Review: Pre-Darcy flows in low-permeability porous media

Nanomechanical characterization of organic-matter maturity by atomic force microscopy (AFM)

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