Integrated exposure assessment and potential risks of neonicotinoids in vegetables from three different sources in Zhejiang, China (2018–2020)

Zhang, Quan; Xu, Yitian; Ying, Zeteng; Tang, Tao; Hu, Shitao

doi:10.1007/s11356-022-23649-7

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 27 publications

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“…However, as registered pesticides on cowpeas, THI and PYR are widely used in cultivating cowpeas and inevitably cause severe contamination. For instance, a comprehensive study by Zhang et al analyzed 1588 vegetable samples from organic vegetable bases, farmers’ markets, and supermarkets in Zhejiang, China, revealing a relatively high detection rate of THI in cowpea samples, reaching 27.4%, with the highest recorded residue level reaching 0.78 mg·Kg −1 [ 16 ]. Ma et al, in their study, found PYR to exhibit the highest detection rate among the 38 pesticides analyzed in various vegetables, including cowpeas [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissipation Behavior and Dietary Risk Assessment of Thiamethoxam, Pyraclostrobin, and Their Metabolites in Home-Style Pickled Cowpea

Wang,

Wu,

Yang

et al. 2023

Foods

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In this study, the fate of two pesticides commonly used on cowpeas, thiamethoxam and pyraclostrobin, during the preparation of home-made pickled cowpeas was investigated using an improved QuEChERS method combined with UHPLC-MS/MS. Although pesticide residues were primarily distributed on cowpea samples, some were transferred to brine. The dissipation half-life of thiamethoxam on cowpea samples was significantly shorter than that of pyraclostrobin due to thiamethoxam’s higher water solubility. Thiamethoxam demonstrated a half-life of 5.12 ± 0.66 days, whereas pyraclostrobin exhibited a longer half-life of 71.46 ± 7.87 days. In addition, the degradation half-lives of these two pesticides in the whole system (cowpea and brine) were 45.01 ± 4.99 and 70.51 ± 5.91 days, respectively. This result indicates that the pickling did not effectively promote the degradation of thiamethoxam and pyraclostrobin. The metabolite clothianidin of thiamethoxam was not produced throughout the pickling process, but the metabolite BF 500-3 of pyraclostrobin was detected in cowpea samples. The detection rates for thiamethoxam, pyraclostrobin, and BF 500-3 in the 20 market samples were 10%, 70%, and 45%, respectively. However, the risk quotient analysis indicated that the risk of dietary intake of thiamethoxam and pyraclostrobin in pickled cowpeas by Chinese consumers was negligible.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%