Integrated hollow-core fibers for nonlinear optofluidic applications

Xiao, Limin; Wheeler, Natalie V.; Healy, Noel; Peacock, Anna C.

doi:10.1364/oe.21.028751

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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Section: Lab In Fibermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Xiao et al. established an alternative technique to fill the core hole of HC‐PCFs by using a pulsed CO 2 laser technique . The procedure is still based on sealing the cladding holes of HC‐PCFs, but the pulsed CO 2 laser, differently from the fusion splicer, allows to heat only a thin region of the cladding holes close to the fiber end (see Fig.…”

Section: Lab In Fibermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lab on Fiber Technology for biological sensing applications

Vaiano

Carotenuto

Pisco

et al. 2016

Laser & Photonics Reviews

247

155

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This review presents an overview of “Lab on Fiber” technologies and devices with special focus on the design and development of advanced fiber optic nanoprobes for biological applications. Depending on the specific location where functional materials at micro and nanoscale are integrated, “Lab on Fiber Technology” is classified into three main paradigms: Lab on Tip (where functional materials are integrated onto the optical fiber tip), Lab around Fiber (where functional materials are integrated on the outer surface of optical fibers), and Lab in Fiber (where functional materials are integrated within the holey structure of specialty optical fibers). This work reviews the strategies, the main achievements and related devices developed in the “Lab on Fiber” roadmap, discussing perspectives and challenges that lie ahead, with special focus on biological sensing applications.

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Section: Lab In Fibermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lab In Fibermentioning

confidence: 99%

Lab on Fiber Technology for biological sensing applications

Vaiano

Carotenuto

Pisco

et al. 2016

Laser & Photonics Reviews

247

155

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“…In contrast, here we demonstrate large, dynamic tuning of both the spectral profile and band rejection (BR) strength by digitally programming the individual heating elements in our MHA to control the grating period, strength, length and design. Owing to the high TOC of our liquid core, we show that it is possible to obtain a maximum BR higher than 20 dB in a range of different LPGs for driving powers as low as 55 mW.To fabricate the LCOF device we made use of a mechanical splicing method described in [20]. Briefly, the LCOF is buttcoupled to the input and output single mode fibers (SMFs), with the connections held in place via a tapered capillary sleeves (inner waist diameters of around 127 μm).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To fabricate the LCOF device we made use of a mechanical splicing method described in [20]. Briefly, the LCOF is buttcoupled to the input and output single mode fibers (SMFs), with the connections held in place via a tapered capillary sleeves (inner waist diameters of around 127 μm).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We estimate the refractive index of the mixture to be n mix ∼ 1.449 at 1550 nm [5,21], so that the LCOF only supports the fundamental mode with a mode area that is well matched to the SMFs. At this wavelength the total insertion loss of the 50 cm long LCOF is ∼ 0.5 dB, which, owing to the high transparency of the liquids, we attribute primarily to imperfections in the device fabrication associated with the fiber alignment and scattering at the joints [20]. We note that the length of the fibre was chosen for ease of handling and it could easily be reduced to a few centimeters depending on the application and packaging requirements.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Programmable long-period grating in a liquid core optical fiber

Jung

Xiao

et al. 2016

Opt. Lett.

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A programmable fiber long period grating (LPG) is experimentally demonstrated in a liquid core optical fiber with a low insertion loss. The LPG is dynamically formed by a temperature gradient in real-time through a micro-heater array. The transmission spectrum of the LPG can be completely reconfigured by digitally changing the grating period, index contrast, length and design. The phase-shift inside the LPG can also be readily defined to enable advanced spectrum shaping. Owing to the high thermo-optic coefficient of the liquid core, it is possible to achieve high coupling efficiencies with driving powers as low as a few tens of milliwatts. The proposed thermo-programmable device provides a potential design solution for dynamic all-fiber optics components. © Reconfigurable optical devices that can respond dynamically to variable demands are required for the development of efficient and flexible all-fiber systems. Although silica fibers are an excellent platform for low loss waveguiding, they are somewhat limited in terms of their functionality owing to their low linear, nonlinear and thermal optical coefficients, for example. Therefore, in order to introduce some reconfigurable behavior into these fibers they are often infiltrated with materials that have tunable optical properties such as polymers [1], liquids [2], liquid crystals [3] and gases [4]. Of these hybrid-material structures liquid-filled optical fibers have been the most widely investigated owing to the relative ease of fabrication, but also because there is a long list of liquids that offer many useful properties for photonics applications including low loss, broadband transmission windows [5]. As a result, there have been a number of important device demonstrations in liquid-filled fibers in areas ranging from supercontinuum generation [6] to sensing [7,8] and lasing [9].A popular approach to introduce dynamic tunability into these hybrid fibers is to use a liquid with high thermo-optic coefficient (TOC) [10], so that the device properties can be altered with relatively minor temperature changes. Thus the energy requirements for temperature tuning are typically much lower than alternative methods, such as electro-optic modification where high driving voltages are usually required [11,12]. However, as of to date, temperature tuning of the liquid-filled fibers has been limited to adjusting the operation wavelength and not the device function [2,7,8]. Clearly the ability to introduce localized temperature gradients along the length of the liquid core that would allow for reconfiguration of the device function would greatly expand the application potential of these fibers.In this Letter, we present a new type of completely programmable liquid core optical fiber (LCOF) device where the optical functionality is imprinted onto the core using a microheater array (MHA). To demonstrate proof of concept, we use localized temperature-induced index changes to write a series of long period gratings (LPGs) into the LCOF. LPGs are of great interest for the develo...

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Advances in Fiber‐Optic Technology for Point‐of‐Care Diagnosis and In Vivo Biosensing

Tabassum

Kumar

2020

Adv Materials Technologies

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Development of reliable, sensitive, selective, and miniaturized sensing technologies is critical for health assessment and early diagnosis and treatment of diseases/anomalies while simultaneously mitigating the challenges associated with in vivo measurements. Some critical constraints to the realization of in vivo measurements include the necessity to fabricate the sensor on a tightly constrained footprint while ensuring acceptable biocompatibility, accuracy, and reliability. The inherent light-guiding properties of optical fibers over long distances, their microscopic cross-section that can be structured at the nanoscale to manipulate the light transmittance/reflectance spectrum, excellent biocompatibility enabling their efficient integration with bio-recognition molecules, immunity to electromagnetic interference, mechanical flexibility, and low cost have been inviting research attention to utilize these unique features for in vivo and label-free point-ofcare diagnostics. Hence, fiber-optic biosensing has become a promising research thrust, with a plethora of emerging methodologies to develop ultrasensitive and selective sensing probes.A unified presentation of the research trends on biosensors incorporated into optical fibers is presented.

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Integrated hollow-core fibers for nonlinear optofluidic applications

Cited by 25 publications

References 22 publications

Lab on Fiber Technology for biological sensing applications

Lab on Fiber Technology for biological sensing applications

Programmable long-period grating in a liquid core optical fiber

Advances in Fiber‐Optic Technology for Point‐of‐Care Diagnosis and In Vivo Biosensing

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