Integrated ion exchange-based system for nitrate and sulfate removal from water of different matrices: Analysis and optimization using response surface methodology and Taguchi experimental design techniques

Gomaa, Hassan; Alotaibi, Abdullah A.; Gomaa, Fatma A.; Bajuayfir, Elham; Ahmad, Ashfaq; Alotaibi, Khalid M.

doi:10.1016/j.psep.2021.07.045

Cited by 19 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…LCA concluded that the use of ion exchange technology followed by regeneration led to a reduction in cumulative energy demand, global warming potential, and marine eutrophication potential of 25%, 66%, and 62%, respectively. Additionally, this treatment process is feasible for the removal of nitrite and nitrate ions as well [115,116]. The %RE NO2 and %RE NO3 were reported to be at least 71% and >95% when ion exchange was coupled with electrodes to treat dyeing wastewater.…”

Section: Adsorption and Ion Exchangementioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Nitrogen-Rich Wastewater Treatment: A Comprehensive Review of Modern Technologies

Omar,

Almomani,

Qiblawey

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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Nitrogen-rich wastewater is a major environmental issue that requires proper treatment before disposal. This comprehensive overview covers biological, physical, and chemical nitrogen removal methods. Simultaneous nitrification–denitrification (SND) is most effective in saline water when utilizing both aerobic and anoxic conditions with diverse microbial populations for nitrogen removal. Coupling anammox with denitrification could increase removal rates and reduce energy demand. Suspended growth bioreactors effectively treated diverse COD/N ratios and demonstrated resilience to low C/N ratios. Moving biofilm bioreactors exhibit reduced mortality rates, enhanced sludge–liquid separation, increased treatment efficiency, and stronger biological structures. SND studies show ≥90% total nitrogen removal efficiency (%RETN) in diverse setups, with Defluviicoccus, Nitrosomonas, and Nitrospira as the main microbial communities, while anammox–denitrification achieved a %RETN of 77%. Systems using polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate as a growth medium showed a %RETN ≥ 75%. Air-lift reflux configurations exhibited high %RETN and %RENH4, reducing costs and minimizing sludge formation. Microwave pretreatment and high-frequency electric fields could be used to improve the %RENH4. Adsorption/ion exchange, membrane distillation, ultrafiltration, and nanofiltration exhibit promise in industrial wastewater treatment. AOPs and sulfate-based oxidants effectively eliminate nitrogen compounds from industrial wastewater. Tailoring proposed treatments for cost-effective nitrogen removal, optimizing microbial interactions, and analyzing the techno-economics of emerging technologies are crucial.

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Section: Adsorption and Ion Exchangementioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Nitrogen-Rich Wastewater Treatment: A Comprehensive Review of Modern Technologies

Omar,

Almomani,

Qiblawey

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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“…It was previously observed that foreign ions were mixed crystals of the precipitates, causing definite changes in habit modification. In contrast, ions just adsorbed onto the crystal surface did not induce significant changes to inhabit [5,35].…”

Section: Crystal Morphology Of Barium Sulfatementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Combining incompatible injection water with changing ion concentrations at high pressure (> 69 MPa) and temperature (>150 °C) circumstances might result in the development of  Corresponding author. E-mail address: susilowati.tk@upnjatim.ac.id DOI: https://doi.org/10.55981/aij.2023.1341 sulfate salts, which are essential components of scale [5]. Due to water incompatibility, certain sulfate scales, such as calcium, barium, and strontium sulfate, may influence oil production by increasing the water required [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introduction mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Sr<sup>2+</sup> and Fe<sup>3+</sup> Cations and the Stirring Speed on The Precipitation of Barium Sulfate in a Batch System

Susilowati,

Karaman,

Prayuga

et al. 2023

Atom Indo.

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The batch system investigation explored the effect of Sr2+ and Fe3+ cations and the stirring speed on the characteristics of precipitated barium sulfate. A series of experiments were conducted to evaluate the rate of barium sulfate precipitation in laboratory equipment from brines containing barium ions (3500 ppm) and varying amounts of Sr2+ and Fe3+ ions (10 and 20 ppm). Kinetic analysis was also performed to explore how stirring speeds (240 and 480 rpm) affect barium sulfate scales' crystallization by increasing the stirring speed and promoting Sr2+ and Fe3+-cation solubility while decreasing the precipitation rate. All solid crystals obtained were mostly pure barite, as the X-ray diffraction (XRD) method confirmed. The SEM micrograph of barite morphology revealed particles with tablet-shaped crystals 2 to 5 nm in size. With the presence of Sr2+ and Fe3+-cation, the shape of barium sulfate was modified into spherical tablets or flower-like clusters of tablets. Meanwhile, the morphological changes could result from increased stirring rates. Moreover, the kinetic results yielded a general reaction rate equation that might be used to estimate barium sulfate deposition in pipelines for various brine, supersaturation, and mixing time durations.

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“…As such, the process has many inherent interplaying factors that must be evaluated to capture the optimum conditions that yield maximum conversion within short time intervals (i.e., enhanced process kinetics) at mild conditions with reasonable costs. So, optimizing one factor while the others are fixed at preselected constant levels is unsuitable for properly probing the interactions that may be hidden and requires many runs, implying higher costs and experimentation time [35,36]. Better systematic data mining could be achieved when the variables of interest could be maneuvered over a range of preselected experimental sets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molybdenum Carbide/Ni Nanoparticles Embedded into Carbon Nanofibers as an Effective Non-Precious Catalyst for Green Hydrogen Production from Methanol Electrooxidation

et al. 2023

Self Cite

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Molybdenum carbide co-catalyst and carbon nanofiber matrix are suggested to improve the nickel activity toward methanol electrooxidation process. The proposed electrocatalyst has been synthesized by calcination electrospun nanofiber mats composed of molybdenum chloride, nickel acetate, and poly (vinyl alcohol) under vacuum at elevated temperatures. The fabricated catalyst has been characterized using XRD, SEM, and TEM analysis. The electrochemical measurements demonstrated that the fabricated composite acquired specific activity for methanol electrooxidation when molybdenum content and calcination temperature were tuned. In terms of the current density, the highest performance is attributed to the nanofibers obtained from electrospun solution having 5% molybdenum precursor compared to nickel acetate as a current density of 107 mA/cm2 was generated. The process operating parameters have been optimized and expressed mathematically using the Taguchi robust design method. Experimental design has been employed in investigating the key operating parameters of methanol electrooxidation reaction to obtain the highest oxidation current density peak. The main effective operating parameters of the methanol oxidation reaction are Mo content in the electrocatalyst, methanol concentration, and reaction temperature. Employing Taguchi’s robust design helped to capture the optimum conditions yielding the maximum current density. The calculations revealed that the optimum parameters are as follows: Mo content, 5 wt.%; methanol concentration, 2.65 M; and reaction temperature, 50 °C. A mathematical model has been statistically derived to describe the experimental data adequately with an R2 value of 0. 979. The optimization process indicated that the maximum current density can be identified statistically at 5% Mo, 2.0 M methanol concentration, and 45 °C operating temperature.

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Integrated ion exchange-based system for nitrate and sulfate removal from water of different matrices: Analysis and optimization using response surface methodology and Taguchi experimental design techniques

Cited by 19 publications

References 70 publications

Advances in Nitrogen-Rich Wastewater Treatment: A Comprehensive Review of Modern Technologies

Advances in Nitrogen-Rich Wastewater Treatment: A Comprehensive Review of Modern Technologies

The Effect of Sr<sup>2+</sup> and Fe<sup>3+</sup> Cations and the Stirring Speed on The Precipitation of Barium Sulfate in a Batch System

Molybdenum Carbide/Ni Nanoparticles Embedded into Carbon Nanofibers as an Effective Non-Precious Catalyst for Green Hydrogen Production from Methanol Electrooxidation

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