Integrated Mg-Cl hydrogen production process and CaO/CaCO3-CaCl2 thermochemical energy storage phase change system using solar tower system

Habibi, Roghayeh; Mehrpooya, Mehdi; Pourmoghadam, Peyman

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2021.114555

Cited by 24 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Nowadays, reforming (hydrocarbons/alcohols), gasification processes (coal/fossil fuels), and partial oxidation (fossil fuel) have the most significant shares in H 2 production techniques. ,− The principal challenges for the techniques are the high SEC and CO 2 emissions to the surroundings. , Water electrochemical processes are yet under expansion and can be integrated with carbon-free sources (tidal/solar/wind/geothermal) to provide an eco-friendly system . Electrothermochemical systems such as copper–chlorine, − magnesium–chloride, − iron–chlorine, , zinc–sulfur–iodine, − and vanadium–chlorine , and bio-H 2 via biological methods can be promising processes for H 2 production in the future.…”

Section: Physical and Chemical Characteristics Of Hydrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 105 , 110 Water electrochemical processes are yet under expansion and can be integrated with carbon-free sources (tidal/solar/wind/geothermal) to provide an eco-friendly system. 111 Electrothermochemical systems such as copper–chlorine, 112 − 115 magnesium–chloride, 116 − 119 iron–chlorine, 120 , 121 zinc–sulfur–iodine, 122 − 125 and vanadium–chlorine 126 , 127 and bio-H 2 via biological methods 105 can be promising processes for H 2 production in the future.…”

Section: Physical and Chemical Characteristics Of Hydrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strategies To Improve the Performance of Hydrogen Storage Systems by Liquefaction Methods: A Comprehensive Review

et al. 2023

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The main challenges of liquid hydrogen (H2) storage as one of the most promising techniques for large-scale transport and long-term storage include its high specific energy consumption (SEC), low exergy efficiency, high total expenses, and boil-off gas losses. This article reviews different approaches to improving H2 liquefaction methods, including the implementation of absorption cooling cycles (ACCs), ejector cooling units, liquid nitrogen/liquid natural gas (LNG)/liquid air cold energy recovery, cascade liquefaction processes, mixed refrigerant systems, integration with other structures, optimization algorithms, combined with renewable energy sources, and the pinch strategy. This review discusses the economic, safety, and environmental aspects of various improvement techniques for H2 liquefaction systems in more detail. Standards and codes for H2 liquefaction technologies are presented, and the current status and future potentials of H2 liquefaction processes are investigated. The cost-efficient H2 liquefaction systems are those with higher production rates (>100 tonne/day), higher efficiency (>40%), lower SEC (<6 kWh/kgLH2), and lower investment costs (1–2 $/kgLH2). Increasing the stages in the conversion of ortho- to para-H2 lowers the SEC and increases the investment costs. Moreover, using low-temperature waste heat from various industries and renewable energy in the ACC for precooling is significantly more efficient than electricity generation in power generation cycles to be utilized in H2 liquefaction cycles. In addition, the substitution of LNG cold recovery for the precooling cycle is associated with the lower SEC and cost compared to its combination with the precooling cycle.

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Section: Physical and Chemical Characteristics Of Hydrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physical and Chemical Characteristics Of Hydrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies To Improve the Performance of Hydrogen Storage Systems by Liquefaction Methods: A Comprehensive Review

et al. 2023

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“…The modeling results demonstrated that the overall efficiency of the system could be improved, reaching up to 49% when increasing the molar ratio of CaCl 2 , but at the same time reducing the heat storage density. In addition, Habibi et al [71] integrated the phase change CaO/CaCO 3 -CaCl 2 heat storage system with the Mg-Cl hydrogen production cycle, so that solar energy was not only used for heat storage, but also utilized for hydrogen production. The simulation results showed that the annual system efficiency of the system could reach up to 63.74%.…”

Section: Csp-cal Schemesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Thermochemical Heat Storage Based on CaO/CaCO3 Cycles: A Review

Yang

Yan

et al. 2021

Energies

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Due to the inconsistency and intermittence of solar energy, concentrated solar power (CSP) cannot stably transmit energy to the grid. Heat storage can maximize the availability of CSP plants. Especially, thermochemical heat storage (TCHS) based on CaO/CaCO3 cycles has broad application prospects due to many advantages, such as high heat storage density, high exothermic temperature, low energy loss, low material price, and good coupling with CSP plants. This paper provided a comprehensive outlook on the integrated system of CaO/CaCO3 heat storage, advanced reactor design, heat storage conditions, as well as the performance of CaO-based materials. The challenges and opportunities faced by current research were discussed, and suggestions for future research and development directions of CaO/CaCO3 heat storage were briefly put forward.

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“…It was mentioned before that the Solar-ORC is unable to operate all day long, TES can support the system by storing excess heat during the day hours and using it during the night time or low solar irradiation. 20,21 TES systems are classified as sensible, latent, and thermochemical storage. Latent storage is known as phase change material (PCM) storage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The theoretical approach of the solar organic Rankine cycle integrated with phase change material for the Hungarian region

Permana,

Rusirawan,

Farkas

2023

Energy Science & Engineering

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Hungary is not only dependent on imports of natural gas and fossil fuels, but Hungary is also the lowest in renewable energy utilization; otherwise, only 11.3% compared to other Central European countries in renewable energy utilization, above 13%. The percentage of renewables in power generation quadrupled from 8% to 16% between 2010 and 2020, with most of the gains coming from the rapid expansion of solar energy, particularly after 2016. Regarding solar energy resource potential, Hungary has a daily total of around 3.2–3.6 kWh/m2 and a yearly total of about 1168–1314 kW.h/m2. This makes it a suitable location for putting solar thermal collectors in conjunction with an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system. In this study, the authors analyzed solar thermal as a heat source to generate electricity with ORC using two types of working fluids (R245fa and R123). Hungary's weather data for a whole year is used as primary data to look for solar radiation characteristics and ambient temperature. Based on the general solar collector equation, the parabolic tube collector was selected as the best solar collector to utilize solar radiation by producing a maximum heat of around 654.68 kW. Therefore, the evacuated flat plate collector was selected as the solar collector that can produce the maximum outlet temperature of around 372.15 K with a similar size aperture area. Producing a temperature output from the solar collector for heat transfer in the ORC system and from the performance showed that R245fa resulted in better Wnet performance compared with R123 with values of 45.82 and 28.17 kW, respectively, under the same solar collector. Meanwhile, the material suitable for the thermal energy storage‐evaporator combination is organic phase change material using N‐Octacosane, which in the same temperature range (350–375 K) has the smallest ζ(T) value (1.08–1.103), so the mass required for the system is very efficient.

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Integrated Mg-Cl hydrogen production process and CaO/CaCO3-CaCl2 thermochemical energy storage phase change system using solar tower system

Cited by 24 publications

References 55 publications

Strategies To Improve the Performance of Hydrogen Storage Systems by Liquefaction Methods: A Comprehensive Review

Strategies To Improve the Performance of Hydrogen Storage Systems by Liquefaction Methods: A Comprehensive Review

Development of Thermochemical Heat Storage Based on CaO/CaCO3 Cycles: A Review

The theoretical approach of the solar organic Rankine cycle integrated with phase change material for the Hungarian region

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