Integrated product removal of slightly water-soluble carboxylates from fermentation by electrochemically induced crystallization

Urbanus, J.; Bisselink, R.J.M.; Nijkamp, Karin; Horst, Joop H. ter; Verdoes, D.; Roelands, C.P.M.

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2010.07.030

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Regeneration of the module, such that the crystalline layer dissolved in an auxiliary solvent, was required to restore initial product removal rates. 15 The data given in Figure D This can also be observed at higher concentrations, while a plateau is reached after approximately 100 minutes at lower concentrations. Since these data seem to confirm the need for regeneration, the mass balance concerning the EIC case was designed such that regeneration of the module was taken into account.…”

Section: Experimental Results Of Eic With Fumaric Acidmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…The experimental setup, described in previous work, was used to perform the experiments to determine the efficiency of EIC. 15 Flow rates of 150, 300, and 450 mL/min; current densities of 30, 40, and 50 mA/cm 2 ; and fumarate concentrations of 20, 40, and 70 g/L were used. was varied with constant current density (50 mA/cm 2 ), while in B the current density was varied with constant flow rate (150 mL/min).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inside these modules, electrolysis of water generates protons that induce crystallization of fumaric acid at the membrane. 15 Simultaneously, OH -is produced, which neutralizes the pH of the fermentation broth such that less or no NaOH has to be added to the fermenter. The crystalline layer that develops in time is regenerated with warm ethanol periodically (EIC2).…”

Section: Process Description Eic Casementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The efficiency of product removal by EIC is influenced by the broth velocity through the module parallel to the membrane, the migration velocity of ions, and the carboxylate concentration in the bulk of the fermentation broth, as concluded in previous work. 15 The ratio of broth velocity and migration velocity, illustrated by the arrows in the insert of Figure D.1, effectively determines the amount of carboxylates that travels from the bulk towards the CEM where crystallization takes place. With a decreased ratio, more carboxylates can be converted into crystalline carboxylic acid in a single pass of broth through the module.…”

Section: Appendix D-explanation Of Eicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using electrochemically induced crystallization, product removal of slightly soluble carboxylic acids (cinnamic, fumaric, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid) has been demonstrated. 15 In this process, pH-shift crystallization is achieved through electrolysis of water instead of the use of chemicals. Consequently, by applying EIC, carboxylic acids are removed from the neutral fermentation broth, while the production of an environmentally unfriendly waste salt is avoided.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemically Induced Crystallization as a Sustainable Method for Product Recovery of Building Block Chemicals: Techno-Economic Evaluation of Fumaric Acid Separation

Nasrollahnejad

Urbanus

Horst

et al. 2012

Industrial Biotechnology

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Carboxylic acids are key platform chemicals for use as biobased alternatives for fossil-based applications. State-of-the-art fermentations of carboxylic acids at neutral pH with downstream product recovery by pH-shift crystallization are not sustainable due to the accompanied production of waste salts. To earn the label''sustainable,'' salts should be converted into the original base and acid required for fermentation and product recovery. This paper shows that electrochemically induced crystallization (EIC) integrated with fermentation reduces both capital and operating expenditures (CAPEX and OPEX, respectively). EIC is a novel process that utilizes electrolysis of water to induce localized pH-shift crystallization of the carboxylic acid, while neutral bulk conditions are maintained.In the current study, a techno-economic evaluation of the fermentative production of fumaric acid integrated with product removal by crystallization was performed. Three cases were evaluated, two based on classical pH-shift crystallization and one based on fermentation integrated with EIC. The first so-called base case produces a solid waste, while the second employs electrodialysis at the end of downstream processing to regenerate the waste salt and re-use the base and acid. With EIC, electrochemistry obviates the use of chemicals and hence solid waste cannot be formed. Cost estimates for EIC unit operation were based on the mass and energy balances of laboratory-scale experimental work and the resultant conceptual design. Assuming return on investment (ROI) of 15%, the first base case has the lowest required sales price of e2.2/kg fumaric acid (USD2.84/kg fumaric acid). EIC eliminates the necessity of water removal, hence reduces CAPEX and OPEX by 35% and 19%, respectively. Sensitivity analysis reveals that with an augmenting penalty on solid waste disposal (greater than e128/ton; USD164/ ton), EIC is the most economical option. This paper demonstrates that the integration of fermentation with product recovery improves the overall process economics and, by applying EIC, a more sustainable process is obtained.

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Section: Experimental Results Of Eic With Fumaric Acidmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Process Description Eic Casementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Appendix D-explanation Of Eicmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Electrochemically Induced Crystallization as a Sustainable Method for Product Recovery of Building Block Chemicals: Techno-Economic Evaluation of Fumaric Acid Separation

Nasrollahnejad

Urbanus

Horst

et al. 2012

Industrial Biotechnology

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Application of In Situ Product Crystallization and Related Techniques in Biocatalytic Processes

Hülsewede

Meyer

Langermann

2019

Chemistry A European J

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This Minireview highlights the application of crystallization as a very powerful in situ product removal (ISPR) technique in biocatalytic process design. Special emphasis is placed on its use for in situ product crystallization (ISPC) to overcome unfavorable thermodynamic reaction equilibria, inhibition, and undesired reactions. The combination of these unit operations requires an interdisciplinary perspective to find a holistic solution for the underlying bioprocess intensification approach. Representative examples of successful integrated process options are selected, presented, and assessed regarding their overall productivity and applicability. In addition, parallels to the use of adsorption as a very similar technique are drawn and similarities discussed.

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Electrochemical Crystallization Concept for Succinic Acid Reduces Waste Salt Production

Kocks

Görtz

Holtz

et al. 2019

Chemie Ingenieur Technik

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Bio‐based carboxylic acids are promising platform chemicals. State‐of‐the‐art fermentations produce salts of carboxylic acids at neutral pH. Downstream processing of these fermentation broths traditionally involves a pH shift producing waste salts. These waste salts reduce the sustainability and economics of bio‐cased carboxylic acid production. Waste salt production can be avoided by inducing the pH shift electrochemically. Experimental feasibility studies of an electrochemical downstream process and investigations of electrochemically induced nucleation and crystal growth are given. The presented electrochemical downstream concept enables in situ production of succinic acid and simultaneous pH management of pH neutral fermentations without the side production of waste salts.

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Integrated product removal of slightly water-soluble carboxylates from fermentation by electrochemically induced crystallization

Cited by 18 publications

References 51 publications

Electrochemically Induced Crystallization as a Sustainable Method for Product Recovery of Building Block Chemicals: Techno-Economic Evaluation of Fumaric Acid Separation

Electrochemically Induced Crystallization as a Sustainable Method for Product Recovery of Building Block Chemicals: Techno-Economic Evaluation of Fumaric Acid Separation

Application of In Situ Product Crystallization and Related Techniques in Biocatalytic Processes

Electrochemical Crystallization Concept for Succinic Acid Reduces Waste Salt Production

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