Integrated self-consistent analysis of NSTX performance during normal operation and disruptions

Sizyuk, V.; Hassanein, A.

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.01.175

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The HEIGHTS simulation package, over the years, has been successfully benchmarked in current tokamaks and in powerful plasma gun devices worldwide for fusion and other high power applications such as laser and discharge produced plasma devices, nanolithography, and particle accelerators. 7,10,38,50,51 The procedure of benchmarking HEIGHTS models and computer package included both individual validations of each separate computational block and components and benchmarking the whole integrated package against available experimental and theoretical data. Recently, we have significantly upgraded HEIGHTS to build on the enhancement of numerical and computational methods as well as the physics and strive to continue as the leading tool for modeling the integrated 3-D reactor component response during various transient events and assess potential damage mechanisms to every internal component of the cassette structure as well as the first walls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Implementing these numbers in computer simulations, the divertor surface erosion and component life-time can be evaluated. 4,5,7 Simulation assuming a localized divertor surface without taking into account the hydrodynamic evolution through the scrape-off layer (SOL) can only crudely predict the response of the divertor plate. The unstable and oscillating character of tokamak operations adds additional uncertainties into the estimated average values.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comprehensive 3-D simulation and performance of ITER plasma facing and nearby components during transient events—Serious design issues

Sizyuk

Hassanein

2018

Physics of Plasmas

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A key obstacle to a successful magnetic fusion energy production in Tokamak reactors is performance during abnormal events. Abnormal events include plasma disruptions, edge-localized modes (ELMs), vertical displacement events, and runaway electrons. While tremendous efforts are being made to find ways to mitigate such events, a credible reactor design must be able to tolerate a few of these transient events. We have recently enhanced our comprehensive HEIGHTS (High Energy Interaction with General Heterogeneous Target Systems) simulation package to enable detailed 3-D investigation of the overall aspects of plasma-material interaction processes during all the transient events. Advanced models and numerical tools were developed to efficiently couple major key processes during the transient events, and in particular disruptions and giant ELMs. These include dynamic interaction, deposition, and scattering of the escaping core plasma particles with the evolving and propagating secondary divertor vapor/plasma in the strong magnetic field. These details are critical for assessing the damage to all interior components, including the hidden structure and the first wall which were not directly exposed to these transient events and never thought to be affected as a result. Despite developing numerous efficient numerical techniques and solution methods, such calculations take several months on current supercomputers to complete. Our present results show, for the first time, that unmitigated transient events could cause significant melting and vaporization damage to most interior and hidden components, including the first wall that were not directly exposed to these events. The current ITER divertor design may not work properly and need to be significantly modified or redesigned to prevent this damage. Published by AIP Publishing. https://doi.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive 3-D simulation and performance of ITER plasma facing and nearby components during transient events—Serious design issues

Sizyuk

Hassanein

2018

Physics of Plasmas

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“…That package now consist of six main parts: Monte Carlo modeling of laser photon interactions with solid/liquid, vapor, and plasma; heat conduction and vaporization of the target material; magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) of plasma evolution in an axial magnetic field; magnetic diffusion; heat conduction in vapor and plasma; and radiation transport based on weighted Monte Carlo methods. We applied the standard tested scheme with magnetic field (Miloshevsky et al, 2006;Sizyuk et al, 2006a;Sizyuk & Hassanein, 2010, 2013a in which the core of the integrated package is the MHD part and the secondary physical processes are taken into account as right-side terms in the general MHD equations set. We considered a twotemperature approximation model:…”

Section: Mathematical and Physical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analysis and detailed description of the numerical scheme appropriate for the above approach is a subject of a future publication. As described previously (Sizyuk et al, 2006a;Sizyuk & Hassanein, 2010, 2013a, we solve the convective part of the MHD Eqs. (2) using the total variation diminishing scheme in the Lax-Friedrich formulation (TVD-LF) (Toth & Odstrcil, 1996).…”

Section: Mathematical and Physical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of using axial magnetic field in extreme ultraviolet photon sources for nanolithography – recent integrated simulation

Sizyuk

Hassanein

2016

Laser Part. Beams

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We developed a comprehensive model for simulating laser/target interaction in the presence of external axial magnetic fields. The model was integrated into the framework of the HEIGHTS-LPP computer simulation package and benchmarked with recent experimental results. The package was then used to study the angular distribution of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) photon output in plasmas produced in tin planar targets by a Nd:YAG laser. A moderate (0.5 T) permanent magnetic field does not affect EUV source evolution and output. More effective control of plasma plume expansion should be based on magnetic field gradients, that is, on the temporary varying magnetic fields as a magnetic pinch. Analysis of angular EUV output showed strong anisotropy of photon emissions. We found that the correct monitoring angle (i.e., at which the measured EUV flux corresponds to the averaged value after the correctly integrated angular distribution) does not depend on laser irradiance in the studied range and is equivalent to ~60°. We recommend arranging the EUV sensors accordingly in experiments with planar tin targets.

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“…The AMR method had been proposed by Berger and Oliger [1], and has been applied into numerical simulations for various subjects of physics, such as hydrodynamics [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9], magnetohydrodynamics [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], cosmology [20][21][22][23][24][25][26], geophysics/astrophysics [10-12, 19, 25, 27-46], atmospheric modeling [47], ocean modeling [48,49], FDTD(electromagnetic wave) [50], and fusion science [51,52].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Level-by-level artificial viscosity and visualization for MHD simulation with adaptive mesh refinement

Hatori

Ito

Nunami

et al. 2016

Journal of Computational Physics

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We propose a numerical method to determine the artificial viscosity in magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) simulations with adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) method, where the artificial viscosity is adaptively changed due to the resolution level of the AMR hierarchy. Although the suitable value of the artificial viscosity depends on the governing equations and the model of target problem, it can be determined by von Neumann stability analysis. By means of the new method, "level-by-level artificial viscosity method," MHD simulations of Rayleigh-Taylor instability (RTI) are carried out with the AMR method. The validity of the level-by-level artificial viscosity method is confirmed by the comparison of the linear growth rates of RTI between the AMR simulations and the simple simulations with uniform grid and uniform artificial viscosity whose resolution is the same as that in the highest level of the AMR simulation. Moreover, in the nonlinear phase of RTI, the secondary instability is clearly observed where the hierarchical data structure of AMR calculation is visualized as high resolution region floats up like terraced fields.

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Integrated self-consistent analysis of NSTX performance during normal operation and disruptions

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Comprehensive 3-D simulation and performance of ITER plasma facing and nearby components during transient events—Serious design issues

Comprehensive 3-D simulation and performance of ITER plasma facing and nearby components during transient events—Serious design issues

The effects of using axial magnetic field in extreme ultraviolet photon sources for nanolithography – recent integrated simulation

Level-by-level artificial viscosity and visualization for MHD simulation with adaptive mesh refinement

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