Integrated Sensing and Communication Signals Toward 5G-A and 6G: A Survey

Abstract

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) has the advantages of efficient spectrum utilization and low hardware cost. It is promising to be implemented in the fifth-generationadvanced (5G-A) and sixth-generation (6G) mobile communication systems, having the potential to be applied in intelligent applications requiring both communication and high-accurate sensing capabilities. As the fundamental technology of ISAC, ISAC signal directly impacts the performance of sensing and communication. This article systematically reviews the literature on ISAC signals from the perspective of mobile communication systems, including ISAC signal design, ISAC signal processing algorithms and ISAC signal optimization. We first review the ISAC signal design based on 5G, 5G-A and 6G mobile communication systems. Then, radar signal processing methods are reviewed for ISAC signals, mainly including the channel information matrix method, spectrum lines estimator method and super resolution method. In terms of signal optimization, we summarize peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) optimization, interference management, and adaptive signal optimization for ISAC signals. This article may provide the guidelines for the research of ISAC signals in 5G-A and 6G mobile communication systems.

Low-Complexity Transmit Beamforming Design for Massive MIMO-ISAC Systems

“…where the first term P Sen (θ) = K k=1 β k |a H (θ)w| 2 represents the desired power pattern for sensing as defined in (6). It is noted that the other two terms will distort the shape of P Sen (θ).…”

“…Nevertheless, the realization of ISAC still faces great challenges, e.g., signal design, processing and optimization [6]. In ISAC systems, transmit beamforming is a fundamental signal processing technology for communication data transmission and sensing signal emission.…”

“…The designs in [6]- [10] mainly focus on regular multipleinput multiple-output (MIMO) systems and in general they are not suitable for large-scale antenna array systems, due to high complexities. However, it is known that massive (MMIMO), in which base stations are equipped with a very large number of antennas, is a key technology among various technological advances in the fifth-generation (5G) standards, since it can considerably improve the spectral and energy efficiency [11]- [13].…”

PoE-Enabled Visible Light Positioning Network With Low Bandwidth Requirement and High Precision Pulse Reconstruction

“…higher key performance indicators required for sixth generation (6G) networks, especially integrated sensing and communication requirement [1]. Thanks for the prominent energy saving and long life advantages of light-emitting diode (LED), LED-based illumination has become the mainstream infrastructure [2], [3].…”

Joint Coding of URLLC and eMBB in Wyner's Soft-Handoff Network in the Finite Blocklength Regime

“…In fact, network sensing functionality is a key enabler to allow sensory data collection from the environment, which is required in applications such as industrial robots and autonomous vehicles. A recent paradigm, called integrated sensing and communication (ISAC), suggests to fully integrate the sensing functionality into the communication functionality [6]- [8]. In other words, ISAC systems jointly perform both the sensing and communication tasks using common hardware, antenna(s) and spectrum.…”