Integrated system for preparation of bone cement and effects on cement quality and environment

Abstract

We developed a prepacked mixing system for the preparation of bone cement. The system is based on mixing and collection of bone cement under a vacuum and serves as both the storage and mixing device for the cement components, thereby minimizing the exposure of the operating staff to the monomer and the risk for contamination of the cement during preparation. We evaluated the system using Palacos R and Simplex P. The cement produced was compared with cement obtained from a commercially available mixing system. Temperature evolution during curing, handling characteristics, density, and porosity of the cement obtained were analyzed. The results showed that the experimental system produces cement with physical properties (i.e., setting times and temperature, porosity, and density) equal to or better than those obtained with commercially available systems. Reducing the amount of monomer in the experimental system led to a reduction of the curing temperature without compromising the physical properties of the cements.

Influence of cross‐linked PMMA beads on the mechanical behavior of self‐curing acrylic cements

“…Various approaches to enhance the mechanical properties of bone cements are reported in the literature. Modification of the mixing methods of existing commercial PMMA bone cements has been the focus of much research 2–5. Centrifugation and vacuum mixing were suggested as methods to improve the mechanical properties 5–9.…”

“…Modification of the mixing methods of existing commercial PMMA bone cements has been the focus of much research. [2][3][4][5] Centrifugation and vacuum mixing were suggested as methods to improve the mechanical properties. [5][6][7][8][9] These improvements were attributed to the markedly reduced porosity and reduction in pore size in the hardened material.…”

Influence of filler content on static properties of glass-reinforced bone cement

“…Modification of the mixing methods of existing commercial PMMA bone cements was the focus of much research. [2][3][4][5] Centrifugation and vacuum mixing were suggested as methods to improve the mechanical properties. [5][6][7][8][9] These improvements were attributed to the markedly reduced porosity and reduction in pore size in the hardened material.…”

Anterior spinal column augmentation with injectable bone cements

“…It was found that contact of skin and mucosa with methyl methacrylate monomer could lead to hypersensitivity, allergic contact dermatitis, mucosal irritation and asthmatic reactions. These studies have resulted in several precautions and practical guidelines for operating personnel and patients, when preparing and handling this type of cement [128][129][130][131][132][133]. The effects of polymethyl methacrylate particle formation, as a result of wear and tear of cemented total joint arthroplasties, have also been studied since some authors attributed loosening of prosthesis components and periprosthetic osteolysis to this phenomenon [102,[134][135][136].…”