Integrated water resource management: lessons from conservation authorities in Ontario, Canada

Mitchell, Bruce; Priddle, Charles; Shrubsole, Dan; Veale, Barbara; Walters, Dan

doi:10.1080/07900627.2013.876328

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The five in northern Ontario are centered on major cities and adjacent regions. The six founding principles of the CAs-catchment jurisdiction, local initiative, provincial-municipal partnership, a healthy environment for a healthy economy, cooperation, coordination and collaboration, and a comprehensive viewpoint-have generally served its integrated water resource program well, although ebbs and flows in its practice have occurred [42]. The CA program has evolved through three periods of integrated water resource management.…”

Section: Case 1: Conservation Authorities In Ontariomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1995, further reductions in provincial funding transpired-from $33 million (CAD) to $12 million (CAD) in 1996, and to less than $8 million (CAD) by 2002. Municipal funding to CAs was also limited to core areas, and was confined to structural flood adjustments, and protection of provincially significant lands [42]. The motivations for these changes were largely driven by the need to reduce the province's expenditures and the desire to reduce overlaps among CAs and other provincial agencies.…”

Section: Case 1: Conservation Authorities In Ontariomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Governance Arrangements for Integrated Water Resources Management in Ontario, Canada, and Oregon, USA: Evolution and Lessons

Watson

Shrubsole

Mitchell

2019

Water

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Guidelines produced by some major international organisations create a misleading impression that Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) can be implemented in a standardized fashion. However, contextual conditions vary from place to place, and differences in beliefs, attitudes, customs, and norms sensibly influence interpretation and implementation. Experiences with IWRM in Oregon (USA) and Ontario (Canada) are examined with regard to scope, scale, responsibility, engagement, finances and financing, and review processes and mechanisms. Development of IWRM and the evolution of governance have been shaped by different concerns and beliefs. Oregon has adopted a locally-driven and entrepreneurial approach, whereas Ontario developed a co-operative inter-governmental approach. In both cases, IWRM governance has also evolved due to changes in funding and priorities, which have benefitted some catchments and communities more than others. Both cases provide positive examples of reflexivity and resilience, and demonstrate the importance of review processes and strong cross-scale connections for effective governance. While underlying principles may be relevant for other locations, it would be a mistake to think that either of the two approaches for IWRM could be replicated elsewhere in their exact form. Implementation of IWRM in other parts of those countries and the world should, therefore, start with careful analysis of the local context, and existing governance arrangements and governmentalities.

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Section: Case 1: Conservation Authorities In Ontariomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Case 1: Conservation Authorities In Ontariomentioning

confidence: 99%

Governance Arrangements for Integrated Water Resources Management in Ontario, Canada, and Oregon, USA: Evolution and Lessons

Watson

Shrubsole

Mitchell

2019

Water

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“…Conservation authorities (a lead conservation authority in the case of the source protection regions) have acted as the source protection authority, providing technical and administrative support to the source protection committee. Source protection authorities have coordinated the process under the CWA and were tasked with overseeing the assessment reports, the planning process, and ongoing implementation, monitoring, reporting and updating [16].…”

Section: Source Water Protection Under Ontario's Clean Water Act (Somentioning

confidence: 99%

Ontario’s Clean Water Act and Capacity Building: Implications for Serviced Rural Municipalities

Minnes¹

2017

Water

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This research explores Ontario's Clean Water Act (S. O. 2006, c. 22) and its contribution to capacity building for rural municipalities impacted by source protection plans created under the Act. Source water protection (SWP) under the Clean Water Act (S. O. 2006, c. 22) is explored drawing from a capacity framework. A nested case study approach has been employed to allow for in depth exploration of the experience within the Cataraqui Source Protection Area and the North Bay-Mattawa Source Protection Area, where key informant interviews were conducted. Findings are outlined looking at four elements of capacity for SWP: institutional, financial, social, and technical/human. It was found that the process was successful for building capacity in the serviced rural municipalities involved, but did not provide any meaningful protection for areas reliant on private drinking water systems such as wells. Several improvements to the legislated process were suggested including greater flexibility for local circumstance and better methods for engagement of First Nations and the general public. It is unknown if this capacity will be sustained as the program continues and provincial funding is reduced. Reduced funding will particularly impact rural communities that lack the internal human and financial capacity to implement SWP policies without the assistance of provincial funding and conservation authority staff (who also rely on provincial/municipal funding sources). Ultimately, it was found that SWP in rural areas requires enforceable mandatory legislation; sustainable provincial funding and municipal fiscal frameworks to support ongoing SWP planning and implementation; technical aid at the regional level; and support and commitment to SWP at the local level (e.g., municipalities, local health units, landowners, residents and watershed users).

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“…Water resources conservation, which in principle refers to an effort to retain as much as, and as long as, possible water in catchment area, covers a wide range of disciplines and involves various government sectors at national and local levels [9]. Thus, IWCM is a complex effort that requires integrated programs or activities and synergy between institutions in its implementation.…”

Section: Institutional Issues and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Water Resources Conservation Management for a Sustainable Food Security

Asdak¹,

Munawir²

2017

KLS

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Many of Indonesia’s watersheds are reaching a critical stage. As a result of higher rates of erosion and sedimentation, the number of critical watersheds in Indonesia has increased from 22 in 1984 to 58 in 2000 and in 2014 this number has reached 108. This result in food security is being threatened because there is insufficient water available for agriculture purposes due to catchment degradation, especially in the upper parts of the watersheds. At the same time, Indonesia’s new government focused its national development programs on food security for the next five years. For these reasons Indonesia’s National Development Planning Agency believes that it is timely to develop a national policy on Integrated Water Conservation Management (IWCM). To provide the rationale and suggested content for such a national policy, this paper has been prepared based onfocused group discussions with relevant interests at the national and regional levels. To obtain specific input from regional stakeholders, workshops were held in Medan, Yogyakarta, Banjarmasin, Nusa Tenggara Barat and Makassar as well as line agencies based in the state capital of Jakarta from October 2014 to March 2015. At the landscape level, the formulation of national policy on IWCM was based on integrated watershed management analysis as water resources within a specific watershed are integrated into other resources within an ecosystem. This action research recommends the following: a) integrating the IWCM into the regular regional development activities, b) encouraging local agreements on water resource conservation including local adat communities, c) formulating attractive economic incentives in implementing IWCM programs, d) using corporate social responsibility and payment for environment services funding to boost water resource conservation program at village level, and e) involving actively women in the IWCM programs. Considering that socio-cultural aspects are also playing an important role in the IWCM, a national-level of institutional arrangement on IWCM will also be proposed. Keywords: IWCM; food security; green and blue water; watershed; institutional arrangement; Indonesia

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Integrated water resource management: lessons from conservation authorities in Ontario, Canada

Cited by 21 publications

References 8 publications

Governance Arrangements for Integrated Water Resources Management in Ontario, Canada, and Oregon, USA: Evolution and Lessons

Governance Arrangements for Integrated Water Resources Management in Ontario, Canada, and Oregon, USA: Evolution and Lessons

Ontario’s Clean Water Act and Capacity Building: Implications for Serviced Rural Municipalities

Integrated Water Resources Conservation Management for a Sustainable Food Security

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