Integrating a Biorefinery into an Operating Kraft Mill

Abstract

Kraft pulp and paper mills have several advantages for serving the emerging biorefinery industry as a source of raw materials. This review examines technologies for producing liquid biofuels, chemicals, and advanced materials from woody feedstocks to generate new sources of revenue. Market pull comes in part from government policies that drive substitution of petroleum-based products with biobased equivalents. Kraft mills have ample networks to supply feedstocks, whether these are forest residues or byproduct side streams. Pulp mills are well suited to expand sufficiently to accommodate production of value added platform chemicals that are in demand because of brand owner sustainability commitments.

Common Reed (Phragmites australis), Eradicate or Utilize? Part II: Potential Use as an Industrial Fiber Source after Hot Water Extraction

“…Such processing is consistent with the concept of a biorefinery (Kamm and Kamm 2004;Fernando et al 2006;Amidon et al 2008). Various forms of biorefineries have existed for decades with the most notable being the kraft pulp and paper mill (Yoon and van Heiningen 2008;Kautto et al 2010;Jun et al 2012;Johnson and Hart 2016). The…”

“…Mixed results were also reported for the impact of various VPP treatments on tear strength. Several researchers reported an increase in tear index between 30% and 50% for handsheets after VPP (Yoon et al 2008;Kautto et al 2010;Jun et al 2012;Liu et al 2012). Helmerius et al (2010) observed essentially no change in other strength properties but also reported a similar increase in tear strength after HWE prior to kraft pulping silver birch (Betula pendula).…”

“…13) where all of the S11 papers were comparable to commercial Aspen 100 copy and VPP treatment resulted in dramatic increased strength. Helmerius et al (2010) reported essentially no change in burst index comparing VPP handsheets versus kraft only handsheets, while Jun et al (2012) reported an average 15% increase in burst index with VPP. Duarte (2010) performed HWE followed by kraft pulping on both eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) and sugar maple.…”

“…Jun et al (2012) performed an alkali extraction on aspen (Populus tremuloides) prior to a large test matrix of kraft pulping and reported increased tensile index over the whole matrix. Liu et al (2012) investigated sulfuric acid extraction of hemicelluloses prior to aspen chemi-thermomechanical pulping (CTMP) and reported an increased tensile index by as much as 93%.…”

Hydrothermal base catalysed treatment of Kraft lignin - time dependent analysis and a techno-economic evaluation for carbon fibre applications

“…After washing, a last filtration and drying step is included. The precipitation and washing procedure is comparable to the LignoBoost® process and enables the usage of similar equipment and already present know-how (Johnson and Hart, 2016;Tomani, 2010). The permeate of the washing solution and low pH H 2 O is fed to the recovery cycle of the pulp mill and contains 324 kg/h of H 2 O solubles originating from the lignin.…”