Integrating Artificial Intelligence for Improved Management of Frozen Shoulder and Complications in Breast Cancer Surgery: A Perspective from Thailand

Abstract

Breast cancer is a leading cause of mortality among women worldwide, necessitating surgical interventions like lumpectomy, mastectomy, or modified radical mastectomy. However, these procedures often lead to postoperative complications, such as frozen shoulder, significantly impacting patients’s quality of life. This review focuses on the challenges associated with frozen shoulder and other complications following breast cancer surgery. It proposes the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in assessment and intervention as a cost- effective solution. Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, affects around 22.2% of breast cancer patients, particularly those undergoing axillary approaches. It is frequently accompanied by Axillary Web Syndrome (AWS) and Post-Mastectomy Pain Syndrome (PMPS), resulting in pain, limited range of motion, and compromised functional abilities. Conservative treatments, including exercises and rehabilitation programs, have shown positive outcomes in managing these symptoms. Previous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of exercises, joint mobilization techniques, and home-based exercise programs in improving muscle strength, range of motion, and functional ability in breast cancer survivors. Abnormal neuromuscular control and kinematic distortions in shoulder and spinal movements have also been identified, highlighting the significance of neuromuscular training for shoulder joint complex recovery. The integration of AI in the assessment and intervention of frozen shoulder can offer cost-effective solutions and reduce waiting times at healthcare centers in Thailand. AI technologies can enable precise evaluations and personalized treatment plans, optimizing patient outcomes and resource utilization. In conclusion, physical therapy plays a crucial role in managing frozen shoulder and other complications following breast cancer surgery. Evidence-based practices, including comprehensive patient education, tailored exercise programs, manual therapy techniques, and pain management strategies, are essential for effective treatment. Integrating AI in assessment and intervention can further enhance outcomes and alleviate the burden on healthcare resources.