Integrating DNA methylation dynamics into a framework for understanding epigenetic codes

Szulwach, Keith E.; Jin, Peng

doi:10.1002/bies.201300090

Cited by 44 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…Recently, there has been an emergence of studies exploring how epigenetic and epigenomic mechanisms might contribute to phenotypic plasticity in marine metazoans (Roberts and Gavery, 2012;Ledón-Rettig, 2013;Schrey et al, 2013;Dixon et al, 2014;Metzger and Schulte, 2016). Here, epigenetic modifications of DNA, such as DNA methylation, regulate and/or change gene expression, and thus change the transcriptome without changing DNA sequence (Szulwach and Jin, 2014). Since the transcriptome itself is a trait, it is a molecular-level mechanism that influences phenotypic plasticity within cells and organisms, and is one process that can mediate environmentally-induced plasticity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Epigenetics in Marine Metazoans

Hofmann

2017

Front. Mar. Sci.

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In this horizon scan article, I review the emerging area of ecological epigenetics in marine animals with studies of DNA methylation as the primary focus. Epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation have the capacity to create rapid changes in phenotypic plasticity. Epigenetic modifications of DNA are mechanisms that modify gene expression, and may do so in marine animals in an environmentally-induced manner. Thus, changes in the transcriptome that are driven by DNA methylation in response to environmental change may be one process by which marine animals can respond to anthropogenic, environmental change. From a technical standpoint, assays to quantify levels of DNA methylation, and next-generation sequencing approaches are opening up new avenues of exploration, such as simultaneously profiling the transcriptome and the methylome. A horizon scan for this topic suggests that the use of epigenomics and other methods to quantify DNA methylation will likely reveal important mechanisms of response to rapid environmental change in marine metazoans.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Epigenetics in Marine Metazoans

Hofmann

2017

Front. Mar. Sci.

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“…Epigenetics involves heritable altera tions of gene expression, chromatin organization and microRNA (miRNA) regulation without changes in DNA sequence. Classical epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation and histone modifications and regulation by microRNAs (miRNAs), are among the major regulatory elements that control metabolic pathways at the molecular level, with epigenetic modi Pharmacogenetic considerations in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease Review fications regulating gene expression transcriptionally and miRNAs suppressing gene expression posttran scriptionally [97]. Methylation varies spatially across the genome with a majority of the methylated sites mapping to intragenic regions [98].…”

Section: Pharmacoepigenomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacogenetic Considerations in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

et al. 2016

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The practical pharmacogenetics of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is circumscribed to acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) and memantine. However, pharmacogenetic procedures should be applied to novel strategies in AD therapeutics including: novel AChEIs and neurotransmitter regulators, anti-Aβ treatments, anti-tau treatments, pleiotropic products, epigenetic drugs and combination therapies. Genes involved in the pharmacogenetic network are under the influence of the epigenetic machinery which regulates gene expression transcriptionally and post-transcriptionally, configuring the fundamentals of pharmacoepigenomics. Over 60% of AD patients present concomitant pathologies demanding additional treatments which increase the likelihood of drug-drug interactions. Lipid metabolism dysfunction is a pathogenic mechanism inherent to AD neurodegeneration. The therapeutic response to hypolipidemic compounds is influenced by the APOE and CYP genotypes. The development of novel compounds and the use of combination/multifactorial treatments require the implantation of pharmacogenomic procedures for the avoidance of ADRs and the optimization of therapeutics.

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“…In gene promoter regions, (CpG) islands play an important role in gene silencing and reduce gene transcription [29,30]. In mammalian cells, DNA methylation is maintained by DNA methyltransferases DNMT1, DNMT3A, and 3B.…”

Section: Dna Methylationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Environmental Impact on the Epigenetic Regulation of Atopic Diseases

Sabounchi

Bollyky

Nadeau

2015

Curr Allergy Asthma Rep

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There has been significant increase in the prevalence of atopy over the past decade that cannot be explained by genetic predisposition. Environmental factors including nutrition, the uterine environment, and lifestyle factors are known to play a role in gene expression through epigenetic modifications. In this article, we review the literature on the environmental impact on epigenetic modulation of atopic diseases including asthma, food allergy, eczema, and allergic rhinitis. Recent public release of epigenomic data for hundreds of human tissues provides a powerful resource for further investigation of the molecular basis of atopic diseases.

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Integrating DNA methylation dynamics into a framework for understanding epigenetic codes

Cited by 44 publications

References 105 publications

Ecological Epigenetics in Marine Metazoans

Ecological Epigenetics in Marine Metazoans

Pharmacogenetic Considerations in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

Review of Environmental Impact on the Epigenetic Regulation of Atopic Diseases

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