Integrating environmental, social and economic systems: a dynamic model of tourism in Dominica

Toward sustainable educational travel

“…The development of new facilities and infrastructure for tourism measurably impacts the resources and ecosystems of the visited region. Local communities often carry the burdens of degraded environments and resource scarcity without sharing the benefits that accompany such developments (Archer et al, 2005;Patterson et al, 2004;Shah et al, 2002). Critical perspectives on tourism's economic impacts have much to contribute to responsible destination selection and travel planning for study abroad, but they are lacking in the educational travel literature.…”

“…Tourist activity affects the primary tourism sector of host destinations (i.e. lodging, food industry, transportation, amusement, and retail trade) and industries that support hotels, restaurants, and retail (Ardahaey, 2011;Patterson et al, 2004). In developing regions, these effects can be more pronounced, such as the "induced impacts" that occur due to increased wages of those employed in the tourist industry (Archer, Cooper, & Ruhanen, 2005;Ardahaey, 2011).…”

“…1 Below, we detail the potential negative economic, socio-cultural, and environmental impacts of educational travel addressed in the literature (summarized in Vogel, 2001). Economic growth has encouraged tourism's use as a model of development (Shah, McHarry, and Gardiner, 2002), and much research examines tourist-generated economic activity (Ardahaey, 2011;Hall & Page, 2006;Mathieson & Wall, 1982;Patterson et al, 2004). Tourist activity affects the primary tourism sector of host destinations (i.e.…”

Integrating deliberative monetary valuation, systems modelling and participatory mapping to assess shared values of ecosystem services

“…Examples include endangered wildlife management (Beall and Zeoli, 2008), climate change adaptation (Bizikova et al, 2009), watershed management (Brown Gaddis et al, 2007;Videira et al, 2009), water resource planning (Cockerill et al, 2009;Kallis et al, 2006), land use planning Prell et al, 2007), sustainable forest management (Mendoza and Prabhu, 2005;Standa-Gunda et al, 2003), tourism management (Patterson et al, 2004), balancing conservation and development goals (Sandker et al, 2010), public sector administration (Van den Belt et al, 2010), and marine spatial planning (Scott et al, 2016). Increasing participation, the use of deliberation, and the application of social-ecological systems approaches become particularly pertinent to valuation of ecosystem services when realising that the inherent uncertainty of complex systems implies gives rise to multiple legitimate understandings (Garmendia and Stagl, 2010).…”

System dynamics approach to urban water demand forecasting

“…A better understanding of the significant contribution to urban water resources supplydemand balance and of the water resources system reacts to certain policy is necessary for water demand forecasting. System dynamics (SD) was considered to be an appropriate method to illustrate the complex dynamics and analyze the relative implications of regulatory policies and has been applied to global scale and national or regional scale systems [1][2][3][4][5] . Liu et al used the SD approach to solve the urban water demand problem [6] with focus on population factors.…”