Integrating Epidemiological Information into MRI Reports Reduces Ensuing Radiologic Testing Costs Among Patients with Low Back Pain: A Controlled Study

Characteristics and Effectiveness of Interventions That Target the Reporting, Communication, or Clinical Interpretation of Lumbar Imaging Findings: A Systematic Review

“…Our electronic data base search identified 4394 articles. Of the 59 articles reviewed in full, 50 were excluded, leaving 9 articles [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] that met criteria for aim 1. A flow diagram of study selection and exclusion reasons is shown in the Online Supplemental Data.…”

“…A flow diagram of study selection and exclusion reasons is shown in the Online Supplemental Data. The 9 articles [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] comprised 7 studies including one in which different outcomes were reported in 3 articles (Table 1). 21,25,26 Study characteristics are provided in the Online Supplemental Data.…”

“…The 7 studies [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] comprised 2 randomized controlled trials; 19,27 1 stepped wedge cluster randomized trial; 21,25,26 1 nonrandomized controlled trial; 22 1 controlled before-after study; 24 1 retrospective cohort study; 23 and 1 before-after study. 20 Outcomes were evaluated after MR imaging in 5 studies 19,20,23,24,27 and after MR imaging, CT, or xray imaging in 2 studies. 21,22,25,26 A descriptive summary of the intervention characteristics using a modified TIDieR checklist is provided in the Online Supplemental Data.…”

“…21,22,25,26 A descriptive summary of the intervention characteristics using a modified TIDieR checklist is provided in the Online Supplemental Data. The most common intervention characteristic was that all interventions [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] occurred following the imaging procedure. Interventions targeted patients 22,27 or patients and physicians.…”

“…Interventions targeted patients 22,27 or patients and physicians. [19][20][21]23,24 Two interventions involved tailoring information to patients. 21,22,25,26 Five interventions were delivered in a primary care setting in the United States, [19][20][21][23][24][25][26] 1 in a secondary care spinal clinic in Australia, 22 and 1 in a tertiary care spine center in India.…”