“…This study involves the second part of the survey that collects the target audience's perception. The objective of this paper is driven by the increasing climate change threats and their direct and indirect impacts on the BESs (Schipper and Pelling, 2006;IFRC, 2003;Li et al, 2012;Sato, 2017;Alec Tzannes, 2019;Andrić et al, 2019;Halder and Bandyopadhyay, 2021;Al-Humaiqani and Al-Ghamdi, 2022;Auffhammer, 2022;Bamdad et al, 2022;Blekking et al, 2022;Hidalgo-Galvez et al, 2022;Hürlimann et al, 2022;Larsson Ivanov et al, 2022;Mayo and Lin, 2022;Wang et al, 2022;Wollschlaeger et al, 2022;Al-Humaiqani and Al-Ghamdi, 2023f;Tahir and Al-Ghamdi, 2023). Hence, understanding the built environment Evaluations of the (A) BESs' ability to mitigate climate-related disruptions and minimize associated consequences and rating the capacity and (B) ranking the level of losses over time.…”