Integrating habits and practices data for soaps, cosmetics and air care products into an existing aggregate exposure model

Comiskey, D.; Api, A.M.; Barrett, C. B.; Ellis, Graham; McNamara, C.; O’Mahony, Cian; Robison, Steven H.; Rose, Jane; Safford, Bob; Smith, Benjamin; Tozer, S.

doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2017.05.017

Cited by 1,535 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Because chemical formulations vary by brand and information on product volume was not queried by our survey, we were not able to estimate dosage and quantify exposure risk specific to this sample of college women. However, the present study does provide unique data on the frequency of PCP use for this demographic, which may be applied within current risk assessment models [53].…”

Section: Study Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A characterization of personal care product use among undergraduate female college students in South Carolina, USA

Hart

Walker

Beckingham

et al. 2019

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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Some chemicals used in personal care products (PCPs) are associated with endocrine disruption, developmental abnormalities, and reproductive impairment. Previous studies have evaluated product use among various populations; however, information on college women, a population with a unique lifestyle, is scarce. The proportion and frequency of product use were measured using a self-administered survey among 138 female undergraduates. Respondents were predominately Caucasian (80.4%, reflecting the college's student body), and represented all years of study (freshman: 24.6%; sophomore: 30.4%; junior: 18.8%; senior: 26.1%). All respondents reported use of at least two PCPs within 24 h prior to sampling (maximum = 17; median = 8; IQR = 6-11). Compared with studies of pregnant and postpartum women, adult men, and Latina adolescents, college women surveyed reported significantly higher use of deodorant, conditioner, perfume, liquid soap, hand/body lotion, sunscreen, nail polish, eyeshadow, and lip balm (Chi Square, p < 0.05). More study is needed to understand the magnitude and racial disparities of PCP chemical exposure, but given the potential effects on reproduction and fertility, our findings of abundant and frequent product use among these reproductive-aged women highlight opportunities for intervention and information on endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC)-free alternative products and behaviors.

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Section: Study Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A characterization of personal care product use among undergraduate female college students in South Carolina, USA

Hart

Walker

Beckingham

et al. 2019

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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“…The products normally used (bar soap, liquid hand soap, and hand sanitizer) for handwashing in Korea (1000 consumers were surveyed) pre- and post-COVID-19 were investigated and compared with Crème data [ 14 ], a study conducted on 448 American subjects. Before the pandemic, 41.4% of consumers used only bar soap, and 7.7% used only liquid hand soap.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in handwashing and hygiene product usage patterns in Korea before and after the outbreak of COVID-19

et al. 2021

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Background The World Health Organization declared COVID-19, the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), a global pandemic on March 11, 2020. Non-pharmaceutical interventions such as social distancing, handwashing, using hand sanitizer, and wearing facial masks are recommended as the first line of protection against COVID-19. Encouraging hand hygiene may be one of the most cost-effective means of reducing the global burden of disease. Methods This study uses a web-based questionnaire to evaluate the usage patterns and consumer perceptions of the effectiveness and health safety of bar soap, liquid hand soap, and hand sanitizer products before and after the spread of COVID-19. Results The results show that since the outbreak of COVID-19, the number of consumers who primarily use bar soap has decreased from 71.8 to 51.4%, the number of those who primarily use liquid hand soap has increased from 23.5 to 41.3%, and the number of those who use and carry hand sanitizer has increased. The frequency of use, duration of use, and amount used of all three products have increased significantly since the COVID-19 outbreak. Finally, consumer perception of the products’ preventive effect against COVID-19 is higher for liquid hand soap and hand sanitizer than it is for bar soap. Conclusions Because use of hand sanitizers has increased, public health guidelines must address the potential risks associated them. Our data also show that the public is abiding by the recommendations of the regulatory authorities. As handwashing has become important in preventing COVID-19 infections, the results of our study will support the development of better handwashing guidelines and a public health campaign.

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“…Despite this measure, a certain amount of wilful interaction with the sensors cannot be fully ruled out, which may have resulted in overestimates of toileting events. According to the European Chemicals Bureau (EU TGD 2003) and Comiskey et al (2017), adults use an average of 0.8 (0.5-1.1) g of solid bar soap per handwashing event. However, direct extrapolation of soap-use ratios from our study to estimates of handwashing behaviour could over-estimate actual hygiene practices.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of a school-based water, sanitation and hygiene programme on children’s independent handwashing and toothbrushing habits: a cluster-randomised trial

Duijster

Buxton²,

Benzian

et al. 2020

Int J Public Health

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Objectives To explore whether a school-based water, sanitation and hygiene programme, which includes group hygiene activities, contributes to the formation of independent handwashing and toothbrushing habits among Filipino children. Methods In this cluster-randomised trial, twenty primary schools were randomly allocated to the intervention or control arm. Intervention schools received group handwashing facilities and implemented daily group handwashing and toothbrushing activities. A soap use to toilet event ratio was calculated to measure children’s independent handwashing behaviour after toilet use, and dental plaque accumulation on Monday morning was measured as a proxy indicator for children’s independent toothbrushing behaviour at home. Results Four months after implementation, handwashing and toothbrushing behaviours did not significantly differ between intervention and control schools. The mean soap use in intervention schools and control schools was 0.41 g and 0.30 g per toilet event, respectively (p = 0.637). Compared to baseline, mean plaque scores reduced by 4.2% and 3.5% in intervention and control schools, respectively (p = 0.857). Conclusions Although health benefits have been established, school-based group handwashing and toothbrushing may not be sufficient to increase children’s uptake of independent hygiene behaviours.

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Integrating habits and practices data for soaps, cosmetics and air care products into an existing aggregate exposure model

Cited by 1,535 publications

References 20 publications

A characterization of personal care product use among undergraduate female college students in South Carolina, USA

A characterization of personal care product use among undergraduate female college students in South Carolina, USA

Changes in handwashing and hygiene product usage patterns in Korea before and after the outbreak of COVID-19

Impact of a school-based water, sanitation and hygiene programme on children’s independent handwashing and toothbrushing habits: a cluster-randomised trial

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