Integrating intensive livestock and cropping systems: Sustainable design and location

Sustainability Assessment of Key European Dairy Cattle Production Systems: System Identification, Analysis, and Greenhouse Gas and Nitrogen Emission Mitigation

“…This contributes to the decoupling of crop and livestock production systems, thus limiting their potential for diversification and increasing their dependency on external inputs (e.g., concentrates and mineral fertilizers) (Garrett et al 2020). In this context, many studies have highlighted the positive consequences that recoupling these systems could have on the sustainability of the livestock systems Taifouris and Martín 2022). Moreover, reconnected systems can reduce production costs while improving land-use efficiency and crop yields (Low et al 2023).…”