“…Further studies to develop a deep learning–based method for fully automatic segmentation and registration are needed, for example, between OA/MRI or OA/CT brain imaging data and for position-dependent light fluence correction hold great promise ( Sarah et al, 2019 ; Waterhouse et al, 2019 ; Ni et al, 2020a ; Dean-Ben et al, 2020 ; Hu et al, 2021 ). Additionally, bimodal animal holder ( Gehrung et al, 2020 ; Zhang et al, 2021b ) or concurrent imaging acquisition OA tomography–MRI, OA–fluorescence confocal microscopy, and OA tomography–fluorescence imaging have already been developed ( Chen et al, 2017 ; Zhang et al, 2018b ; Liu et al, 2019b ; Ren et al, 2021 ; Zhang et al, 2021c ; Dadkhah and Jiao, 2021 ; Deán-Ben et al, 2021 ). Further development in synchronized OA-MR platforms for small-animal brain imaging for simultaneous detection will further improve the workflow ( Ren et al, 2021 ).…”