Integrating planting date with insecticide spraying regimes to manage insect pests of cowpea in north-eastern Nigeria

Kamara, Alpha Y.; Ekeleme, Friday; Omoigui, Lucky O.; Abdoulaye, Tahirou; Amaza, Paul; Chikoye, David

doi:10.1080/09670870903556351

Cited by 19 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…IT90K-227-2 and IT97K-556-4 exhibited dual-purpose characteristics in both seasons having produced high yield of both grain and fodder, while the rest of the genotypes were purely grain type. Earlier reports by Ajeigbe et al (2005), Singh et al (1997) and Kamara et al (2010) were confirmed in this study as they also identified these cultivars as dual-purpose cowpea. IT98K-131-2 gave significantly higher yield and yield components.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

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Planting date and cultivar effects on growth and yield performance of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp)

Ezeaku¹,

Mbah²,

Baiyeri³

2015

Afr. J. Plant Sci.

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Genotype by environment interaction results in significant differences in the performance of cultivars when tested in diverse environments. Nine improved cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) cultivars obtained from International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria and a local check were evaluated for growth, reproductive and grain yield components in a non-traditional cowpea growing region of south eastern Nigeria with the aim of identifying high yielding genotypes and optimum planting date. The study was conducted in two locations namely Mgbakwu (06°17ʹN, 07°04ʹE; 83 masl) and Ishiagu (05°58ʹN, 07°34ʹE; 197 masl) across two years and two seasons in each year. A split-plot design was used with three replications. The results indicated that early planting date gave significantly higher yield and yield components than late planting date in both years and locations. IT 98K-131-2 produced mean grain yield of 1220 kg ha-1 in early planting date and 732 kg ha-1 in late season planting in Ishiagu, while in Mgbakwu, it produced 921 and 326 kg ha-1 in early and late planting dates, respectively. IT 97K-556-4 on the other hand produced mean grain yield of 1154 and 424 kg ha-1 in early and late planting dates, respectively in Ishiagu; while in Mgbakwu, the mean grain yield were 1594 and 251 kg ha-1 for early and late planting dates, respectively. IT 98K-131-2 exhibited the highest mean grain yield attributes in all the environments, indicating broad adaptation; while IT 97K-556-4 was the next highest grain yielder with specific adaptation to early season in Mgbakwu. The two cultivars are therefore recommended to farmers for multiplication and general cultivation in south eastern Nigeria.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Its superior performance cut across seasons, locations and years indicating that the cultivar had broad and stable adaptation. Kamara et al (2010) working in northern Nigeria also identified this cultivar as high yielding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Planting date and cultivar effects on growth and yield performance of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp)

Ezeaku¹,

Mbah²,

Baiyeri³

2015

Afr. J. Plant Sci.

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“…The populations were generally low early in the season and increased as the season progressed, which was consistent with the reports by other workers (Jackai and Singh 1987;McPherson 1996;Baur et al 2000;Bundy and McPherson 2000;Anyim 2003;Smith et al 2009). This population buildup over the season was probably due to more suitable temperatures and relative humidity that favour insect multiplication as the season progressed (Talekar and Chen 1983;Kamara et al 2010). Overall, S. derogata and N. viridula in terms of densities were the most dominant and perhaps also the most damaging defoliator and PSB, respectively, in the field.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Yield loss at the different growth stages in soybean due to insect pests in Ghana

Abudulai

Salifu

Opare-Atakora

et al. 2012

Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection

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Insecticide protection at the vegetative, reproductive or both vegetative and reproductive (complete) crop growth stages and untreated control was used to assess yield loss due to insect pests at the different growth stages of soybean in Ghana from 2007-2009. The objectives were to determine the economic importance of the two major insect pest guilds in soybean, viz. defoliators and pod feeders, and when to apply control measures for maximum benefit. The defoliators recorded were Podagrica spp., Ootheca mutabilis (Shalberg), Zonocerus variegatus L., Sylepta derogata F., Spodoptera littoralis Boisduval, Amsacta spp. and Helicoverpa armigera Hu¨bner. The pod feeders recorded were the pod-sucking bugs (PSBs) Riptortus dentipes F., Thyanta sp. Aspavia armigera F., Nezara viridula L. and Dysdercus vo¨lkeri Schmidt. Generally, insect densities, pod and seed damage were lower while seed yields were significantly greater and similar in plots that were protected at the reproductive stage against PSBs and those protected at both vegetative and reproductive stages. Yield loss ranged between 25.8 and 42.8% in untreated plots, 11.1 and 34.3% in plots that were protected at the vegetative stage, and 5.2 and 11.3% in plots that were protected at the reproductive stage. There was a consistent negative correlation between yield and numbers of PSBs as well as pod and seed damage. These results showed that PSBs that attack soybean at the reproductive stage were the most important insect pests limiting soybean yield in Ghana.

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“…However, it is advisable to use less susceptible proteases, such as the ones in C. tomentosicollis, when screening plant extracts for good PIs. Cowpea is severely attacked by insect pests at every stage of its growth (Asiwe et al, 2005) and its production cannot be successful without insecticide application (Nabirye et al, 2003;Dugje et al, 2009;Kamara et al, 2010). Genetic modification of cowpea cultivars using genes that mediate protease inhibition in Kìshí and NG/SA/07/0098 may serve as a basis for producing transgenic cowpea lines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protease inhibition in cowpea pod-sucking bug species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) using cereal and legume grain extracts

Taiwo¹,

Soyelu²,

Okonji³

2016

Afr. J. Biochem. Res.

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Selected grain extracts were assayed against digestive proteases of Anoplocnemis curvipes, Clavigralla tomentosicollis and Mirperus jaculus with a view to identifying suitable sources of protease inhibitors against the cowpea pests. Laboratory bioassays showed that grains of a local soybean variety Kìshí and a cowpea landrace NG/SA/07/0098 contain potent inhibitors although the former produced a consistently higher level of inhibition in each of the three pests. Protease activity was highest in C. tomentosicollis (1.06 μmol/mg) followed by M. jaculus (0.94 μmol/mg) and A. curvipes (0.69 μmol/mg) but inhibition was highest in M. jaculus. The optimum temperature range for the inhibitors was 40-90°C while optimum inhibitory activity occurred in weak acidic to neutral media, pH 4-7. There was total protease inhibition in the pests when soybean and cowpea extracts were combined against gut extracts in soybean-biased volumetric ratios of 0.7:0.3 and 0.8:0.2. This synergistic efficacy was superior to those of two commercial products. The inhibitors were stable for 10-50 min at 80°C but got denatured within few minutes of exposure to higher temperatures. Obtained results showed that the soybean and cowpea are suitable sources of protease inhibitors in breeding exercises for development of transgenic cowpea varieties.

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Integrating planting date with insecticide spraying regimes to manage insect pests of cowpea in north-eastern Nigeria

Cited by 19 publications

References 19 publications

Planting date and cultivar effects on growth and yield performance of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp)

Planting date and cultivar effects on growth and yield performance of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp)

Yield loss at the different growth stages in soybean due to insect pests in Ghana

Protease inhibition in cowpea pod-sucking bug species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) using cereal and legume grain extracts

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