Integrating Russia into the Global Project of Digital Transformation: Opportunities, Problems and Risks

Forcing the Digital Economy: How will the Structure of Digital Markets Change as a Result of the COVID-19 Pandemic

“…The profits of companies manufacturing electronics and computer equipment have grown at a relatively low rate in recent years and do not cover capital expenditures on research and development (R&D), which are growing much faster. So, in the period from 2010 to 2017, the average volume of such costs for large ICT companies amounted to 13.6% of revenue, or about 21% of GVA, which is 10–11% more than the profit received [ 11 ].…”

“…Launched after 2009, the concept of the DE as a new modernization project was intended, in fact, to reverse these negative trends and to create additional space for the growth of the semiconductor industry and traditional ICT markets in general at the existing level of technology through the formation of new mass markets . Such markets are based on the so-called digital platforms: high-tech communication platforms on which the entire complex of economic relations between economic entities is implemented and which, depending on the purpose of their activity, perform various kinds of functions [ 16 , p. 11 ]. In other words, a platform is an artificial environment, built on the basis of ICT infrastructure, for the interaction of people and electronic devices, within which traditional services can be provided (taxi aggregators Uber and Yandex, product platforms Rolls Royce and Spotify) and fundamentally new products and services can be created (Google and Android, Apple and IOS, and the whole complex of services and infrastructure built around them for the development and sale of software by third-party developers; industrial platforms GE and Siemens).…”

“…However, the creation of such a primary basic infrastructure will require a huge amount of investment. In fact, the widespread launch of DE development programs by governments of most countries means the creation of this primary infrastructure by states, at the expense of state budgets [ 11 ].…”

“…At the same time, as of 2019, the costs of passing ever-increasing traffic through the networks of telecom operators were not covered by revenues from traditional services. This gap grew steadily even before the start of the pandemic, and in the postpandemic period it will continue to increase, which will not allow providing the necessary volume of investments in the construction of new networks [ 11 ]. According to the results of the 1st quarter of 2020, companies leading in manufacturing of 5G technologies and construction of 5G networks realized that the planned investments would have to be postponed indefinitely.…”

Global Challenges of Digital Transformation of Markets Volume II

“…Special methods for analyzing end-to-end service architecture are used to determine the relationship between business, applied, and infrastructure services. Moreover, when determining these relationships, it is impossible to neglect the interaction with the external environment of a chain trading company (Berente, Vandenbosch, and Aubert 2009;Dijkman, Dumas, and Ouyang 2008;Ganichev and Koshovets 2019;Rahimi, Møller, and Hvam 2016).…”