Integrating structure and dynamics in personality assessment: First steps toward the development and validation of a personality dynamics diary.

Zimmermann, Johannes; Woods, William C.; Ritter, Sven; Happel, Moritz; Masuhr, Oliver; Jaeger, Ulrich; Spitzer, Carsten; Wright, Aidan G.C.

doi:10.1037/pas0000625

Cited by 79 publications

(68 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, the mean values of negative, positive and controllability stress beliefs match those found in a previous university student sample [29]. Throughout the daily diary period, mean social stress was comparable to the validation student sample of the PDD [51] while mean workload was somewhat higher in the current sample.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 72%

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The Effects of Stress Beliefs on Daily Affective Stress Responses

Laferton

Fischer

Ebert

et al. 2019

Annals of Behavioral Medicine

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Background Negative beliefs about the effects of stress have been associated with poorer health and increased mortality. However, evidence on the psychological mechanisms linking stress beliefs to health is scarce, especially regarding real-life stress. Purpose The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of stress beliefs on affect in the daily stress process in a population prone to health-impairing effects of stress: university students. Methods Using daily diaries, 98 university students reported on daily perceived social and work-related stressors as well as positive and negative affect for 10 consecutive days. Stress beliefs, depressive and anxiety symptoms, neuroticism, and demographic variables were assessed prior to the daily diary phase. Results Hierarchical linear models revealed a significant cross-level interaction between negative stress beliefs and the association of daily social stressors with negative affect (B = 0.24; 99% confidence interval [CI] = 0.08–0.41, p < .001). When experiencing social stress, participants who held high negative stress beliefs had higher daily negative affect (simple slope = 4.09; p < .001); however, for participants who held low negative stress beliefs the association between daily social stress and daily negative affect was considerably smaller (simple slope = 2.12; p < .001). Moreover, individuals believing stress to be controllable showed higher positive affect throughout the 10-day daily diary phase. Conclusions Negative stress beliefs were found to moderate the affective response to daily real-life stressors. Given the established relationship between affect and health, this study provides initial evidence of psychological mechanisms linking stress beliefs to health.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Dynamics Diary[51] (PDD). This module assesses the daily experience of social stress (PDD-SS; four items), workload (PDD-W; two items), positive events (four items) and absence of social contact (one item).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Stress Beliefs on Daily Affective Stress Responses

Laferton

Fischer

Ebert

et al. 2019

Annals of Behavioral Medicine

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“…In yet another example, Zimmerman et al (in press) made use of intensive longitudinal designs recruiting both college and clinical samples in order to develop a common structural model of between and within‐person differences in situations and behaviours in everyday life. Furthermore, the model integrated structural research using the domains of the Personality Inventory for the DSM‐5 (PID‐5; Krueger et al, ), which includes the domain of antagonism (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Merging Structural and Process–Related Approaches to the Study of Agreeableness: A Preregistered Replication and Extension Attempt

Vize

Lynam

2020

Eur J Pers

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Agreeableness is one of the major domains included within prominent hierarchical models of personality like the five‐factor model. (Low) agreeableness is the strongest correlate of a variety of antisocial behaviours relative to the other five‐factor model domains. Although there is substantial evidence that (low) agreeableness is arguably the most important personality correlate of various antisocial behaviours, this evidence is descriptive and provides little information on the direction or processes underlying the relation. Process‐related research has started to provide more insight into how agreeableness‐related traits give rise to various antisocial and prosocial behaviours. The proposed study looked to first replicate previous research on some of the potential cognitive–emotional processes related to agreeableness and then conduct exploratory analyses to identify which, if any, of the empirically identified facets of agreeableness bear specific relations to the processes under study. Overall, we were unable to replicate the primary effects of interest in regard to processes of agreeableness and found little support for our preregistered confirmatory and exploratory hypotheses despite having high power (≥.94) to detect these effects. Nonetheless, process models of personality remain at the vanguard of personality research, and we discuss how the current results can inform future work in this area. © 2020 European Association of Personality Psychology

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“…To assess the daily stress process, participants were asked to report on their daily perceived stressors and affect for ten consecutive days. Participants' daily perceived stressors were assessed using the situational experience module of the Personality Dynamics Diary [51] (PDD). This module assesses the daily experience of social stress (PDD-SS; four items), workload (PDD-W; two items), positive events (four items) and absence of social contact (one item).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Stress Beliefs on Daily Affective Stress Responses

Laferton¹,

Fischer²,

Ebert³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background: Negative beliefs about the effects of stress have been associated with poorer health and increased mortality. However, evidence on the psychological mechanisms linking stress beliefs to health is scarce, especially regarding real-life stress. Purpose: The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of stress beliefs on affect in the daily stress process in a population prone to health-impairing effects of stress: university students. Methods: Using daily diaries, 98 university students reported on daily perceived social and work-related stressors as well as positive and negative affect for ten consecutive days. Stress beliefs, depressive and anxiety symptoms, neuroticism and demographic variables were assessed prior to the daily diary phase. Results: Hierarchical linear models revealed a significant cross-level interaction between negative stress beliefs and the association of daily social stressors with negative affect (B= 0.24; 99%-CI= 0.08 to 0.41, p < .001). When experiencing social stress, participants who held high negative stress beliefs had higher daily negative affect (simple slope = 4.09; p < .001); however, for participants who held low negative stress beliefs the association between daily social stress and daily negative affect was considerably smaller (simple slope = 2.12; p < .001). Moreover, individuals believing stress to be controllable showed higher positive affect throughout the ten-day daily diary phase. Conclusions: Negative stress beliefs were found to moderate the affective response to daily real-life stressors. Given the established relationship between affect and health, this study provides initial evidence of psychological mechanisms linking stress beliefs to health.

show abstract

Integrating structure and dynamics in personality assessment: First steps toward the development and validation of a personality dynamics diary.

Abstract: , but has yet to undergo copy-editing and proof correction. This article may not exactly replicate the final version published in the APA journal. It is not the copy of record.

Cited by 79 publications

References 68 publications

The Effects of Stress Beliefs on Daily Affective Stress Responses

The Effects of Stress Beliefs on Daily Affective Stress Responses

Merging Structural and Process–Related Approaches to the Study of Agreeableness: A Preregistered Replication and Extension Attempt

The Effects of Stress Beliefs on Daily Affective Stress Responses

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