Integrating theBeppoSAXGamma‐Ray Burst Monitor into the Third Interplanetary Network

Hurley, K.; Feroci, M.; Cinti, M.N.; Costa, E.; Preger, B.; Frontera, F.; Fiume, D. Dal; Orlandini, M.; Amati, L.; Heise, J.; Zand, J. J. M. in ’t; Cline, T. L.

doi:10.1086/308737

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The arcminute localizations that are so essential to further progress have been provided by the BeppoSAX satellite (Piro 2000) and the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) satellite (Smith et al 1999). Recently the Interplanetary Network (IPN) has started contributing a significant number of precise and rapid localizations (Hurley et al 2000). New space missions and observational advances from the ground promise to extend this exciting track of discovery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Afterglow and the Host Galaxy of the Dark Burst GRB 970828

Djorgovski

Frail

Kulkarni

et al. 2001

ApJ

183

197

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GRB 970828 was the first well-localized gamma-ray burst (GRB) X-ray afterglow for which no optical afterglow was found despite a prompt, deep search down to R_lim ~ 24.5 mag. We report the discovery of a short-lived radio flare within the X-ray localization error circle of this burst. Such radio flares are seen in about 25% of GRB afterglows and their origin is not well understood. The precise radio position enabled us to identify the likely host galaxy of this burst, and to measure its redshift, z = 0.9578. The host appears to be an interacting/merging system. Under the assumption that the X-ray afterglow is mainly due to synchrotron mechanism we infer the optical afterglow flux. The observed upper limits to the optical flux are easily explained by invoking an intervening dusty cloud within the host galaxy. These observations support the idea that GRBs with no detectable optical afterglows or "dark GRBs" can be due to dust extinction within the host galaxies. The census of dark GRBs can then be used to constrain the fraction of the obscured star formation in the universe. We argue that the existing data already indicate that the obscured star-formation rate is no more than 1/2 of that seen at UV and optical wavelengths.Comment: Submitted to The Astrophysical Journal. LaTeX file, 27 pages, including 7 postscript figures; AASTeX style files include

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Afterglow and the Host Galaxy of the Dark Burst GRB 970828

Djorgovski

Frail

Kulkarni

et al. 2001

ApJ

183

197

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“…The fading of the afterglow is clearly illustrated in Fig. 1 the afterglow of GRB 000418 makes this an afterglow of an "IPN-only" burst, with no additional available X-ray (BeppoSAX) or BATSE spectral information (GRB 991208 was the first of these bursts with detected optical afterglow; Hurley et al 2000;Castro-Tirado et al 2000). Triggered by the NIR detection of the afterglow of GRB 000418, many observatories world-wide directed their attention to this burst.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Very Red Afterglow of GRB 000418: Further Evidence for Dust Extinction in a Gamma‐Ray Burst Host Galaxy

Klose

Stecklum

Masetti³

et al. 2000

ApJ

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We report near-infrared and optical follow-up observations of the afterglow of the Gamma-Ray Burst 000418 starting 2.5 days after the occurrence of the burst and extending over nearly seven weeks. GRB 000418 represents the second case for which the afterglow was initially identified by observations in the near-infrared. During the first 10 days its R-band afterglow was well characterized by a single power-law decay with a slope of 0.86. However, at later times the temporal evolution of the afterglow flattens with respect to a simple power-law decay. Attributing this to an underlying host galaxy we find its magnitude to be R=23.9 and an intrinsic afterglow decay slope of 1.22. The afterglow was very red with R − K ≈4 mag. The observations can be explained by an adiabatic, spherical fireball solution and a heavy reddening due to dust extinction in the host galaxy. This supports the picture that (long) bursts are associated with events in star-forming regions.

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“…GRB 991208 was detected with the Interplanetary Network (IPN) by the Ulysses, WIND and NEAR spacecraft on December 8, 1999, at 04:36:52 UT. The gamma-ray properties, the localization and the subsequent discovery of the radio counterpart to GRB 991208 are presented by Hurley et al (2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Bright Gamma-Ray Burst 991208: Tight Constraints on Afterglow Models from Observations of the Early-Time Radio Evolution

Galama

Bremer

Bertoldi

et al. 2000

The Astrophysical Journal

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The millimeter wavelength emission from GRB 991208 is the second brightest ever detected, yielding a unique data set. We present here well-sampled spectra and light curves over more than two decades in frequency for a two-week period. This data set has allowed us for the first time to trace the evolution of the characteristic synchrotron self-absorption frequency ν a and peak frequency ν m , and the peak flux density F m : we obtain ν a ∝ t −0.15±0.12 , ν m ∝ t −1.7±0.4 , and F m ∝ t −0.47±0.11 . From the radio data we find that models of homogeneous or wind-generated ambient media with a spherically symmetric outflow can be ruled out. A model in which the relativistic outflow is collimated (a jet) can account for the observed evolution of the synchrotron parameters, the rapid decay at optical wavelengths, and the observed radio to optical spectral flux distributions that we present here, provided that the jet transition has not been fully completed in the first two weeks after the event. These observations -2provide additional evidence that rapidly decaying optical/X-ray afterglows are due to jets and that such transitions either develop very slowly or perhaps never reach the predicted asymptotic decay F(t) ∝ t −p .

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Integrating theBeppoSAXGamma‐Ray Burst Monitor into the Third Interplanetary Network

Cited by 21 publications

References 21 publications

The Afterglow and the Host Galaxy of the Dark Burst GRB 970828

The Afterglow and the Host Galaxy of the Dark Burst GRB 970828

The Very Red Afterglow of GRB 000418: Further Evidence for Dust Extinction in a Gamma‐Ray Burst Host Galaxy

The Bright Gamma-Ray Burst 991208: Tight Constraints on Afterglow Models from Observations of the Early-Time Radio Evolution

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