Data are playing an increasingly important role in the development of industry–education cooperation strategies in vocational education and training. The objective of this study was to promote the comprehensive progress of an industry–education cooperation system and improve the effect of the application of big data technology in this system. First, we designed of a big data technology application in an intelligent management platform system for industry–education cooperation. Second, we analyzed the synthetical design of the system. Finally, we optimized and designed a support vector machine (SVM) data mining (DM) algorithm model based on big data, and evaluated the model. The results revealed that the designed algorithm model provides outstanding advantages compared with similar algorithm models. In general, the highest average computation time of the designed SVM algorithm model is about 95 ms. The overall average calculation time linearly decreases around 200 iterations and tends to be stable, and the lowest overall average computation time is about 20 ms. In the DM process, the highest accuracy rate of the model is about 97%, and the lowest is about 92%. The DM accuracy rate is always stable as the number of iterations of the model continues to increase. The designed model slowly increases the occupancy rate of the system in the process of increasing computing time. At about 60 min, the system occupancy rate of the model tends to be stable, and the highest is maintained at about 23%. This study not only provides technical support for the optimization of DM algorithms with big data technology, but also contributes to the integrated development of industry–education cooperation systems.