Integration of Abscisic Acid Signalling into Plant Responses

Abstract

The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays a major role as an endogenous messenger in the regulation of plant's water status. ABA is generated as a signal during a plant's life cycle to control seed germination and further developmental processes and in response to abiotic stress imposed by salt, cold, drought, and wounding. The action of ABA can target specifically guard cells for induction of stomatal closure but may also signal systemically for adjustment towards severe water shortage. At the molecular level, the responses are primarily mediated by regulation of ion channels and by changes in gene expression. In the last years, the molecular complexity of ABA signal transduction surfaced more and more. Many proteins and a plethora of "secondary" messengers that regulate or modulate ABA-responses have been identified by analysis of mutants including gene knock-out plants and by applying RNA interference technology together with protein interaction analysis. The complexity possibly reflects intensive cross-talk with other signal pathways and the role of ABA to be part of and to integrate several responses. Despite the missing unifying concept, it is becoming clear that ABA action enforces a sophisticated regulation at all levels.

Potential role of D-myo-inositol-3-phosphate synthase and 14-3-3 genes in the crosstalk between Zea mays and Rhizophagus intraradices under drought stress

“…In the heterogeneous treatments, although each compartment was subjected to independent treatment, the two parts of the root system showed similar root ABA concentration (Table 3) probably because of ABA redistribution among tissues (Christmann et al 2006). Consistent with the effects of mycorrhizal inoculation on ABA production in the homogeneous treatments, both nM-M and M-M significantly decreased ABA concentration under drought stress (Table 3).…”

“…Consistent with the effects of mycorrhizal inoculation on ABA production in the homogeneous treatments, both nM-M and M-M significantly decreased ABA concentration under drought stress (Table 3). The physiological activity of ABA is related not only to its biosynthesis and transport but also to sensitivity of target structures (Christmann et al 2006). In this study, the target structure was the above-mentioned PC that interacted with ABRE motifs in IPS, because the results obtained from the homogeneous treatments showed that cooperation of IPS and 14-3GF potentially steered a positive effect on AM plant drought tolerance.…”

Trichoderma gamsii affected herbivore feeding behaviour on Arabidopsis thaliana by modifying the leaf metabolome and phytohormones

“…ABA is a major regulator of abiotic stress responses caused by drought, salt, cold and wounding (Christmann et al ., 2006; Raghavendra et al ., 2010), and also plays a prominent role in plant resistance to biotic stresses such as pathogen attack (Ton et al ., 2009; Denance et al ., 2013) and herbivorous insects (Bodenhausen and Reymond, 2007; Verhage et al ., 2011; Pineda et al ., 2012; Lazebnik et al ., 2014). In our study, ABA content was increased in the Arabidopsis leaves when it was inoculated with T. gamsii F18.…”

Abscisic Acid- and Stress-Induced Highly Proline-Rich Glycoproteins Regulate Root Growth in Rice

“…The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA), a wellrecognized stress hormone, is up-regulated to turn on stress response genes in cells to help plants cope with unsuitable environments (Christmann et al, 2006;Yamaguchi-Shinozaki and Shinozaki, 2006;Qin et al, 2011). For example, osmotic stress stimulates the biosynthesis and accumulation of ABA in guard cells (Yamaguchi-Shinozaki and Shinozaki, 2006).…”