Integration of biomass gasification with a Scandinavian mechanical pulp and paper mill – Consequences for mass and energy balances and global CO2 emissions

Isaksson, Johan; Pettersson, Karin; Mahmoudkhani, Maryam; Åsblad, Anders; Berntsson, Thore

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2012.06.013

Cited by 43 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Integration of biomass gasification with pulp and paper industry has been analysed by several authors, see for example (Ljungstedt et al, 2013;Isaksson et al, 2012a;Isaksson et al, 2012b;Wetterlund et al, 2011). Ljungstedt et al (2013) concluded that integration of biomass-based FT diesel production with a pulp and paper mill would result in higher energy efficiency and lower production cost compared to stand-alone operation.…”

Section: Integration Of Biomass Gasification With Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Colocation was shown to reduce global CO 2 emissions if the electricity used in the processes was produced in natural gas combined cycle (NGCC) plants or with a technology emitting less than a NGCC plant. Isaksson et al (2012b) analysed integration of biomass gasification for production of electricity, methanol or FT diesel with a thermo-mechanical pulp mill. Their results showed that excess heat from the gasifier could be used by the pulp mill.…”

Section: Integration Of Biomass Gasification With Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improved Energy Efficiency and Fuel Substitution in the Iron and Steel Industry

Johansson¹

2014

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IPCC reported in its climate change report 2013 that the atmospheric concentrations of the greenhouse gases (GHG) carbon dioxide (CO2), methane, and nitrous oxide now have reached the highest levels in the past 800,000 years. CO2 concentration has increased by 40% since pre-industrial times and the primary source is fossil fuel combustion. It is vital to reduce anthropogenic emissions of GHGs in order to combat climate change. Industry accounts for 20% of global anthropogenic CO2 emissions and the iron and steel industry accounts for 30% of industrial emissions. The iron and steel industry is at date highly dependent on fossil fuels and electricity. Energy efficiency measures and substitution of fossil fuels with renewable energy would make an important contribution to the efforts to reduce emissions of GHGs. This thesis studies energy efficiency measures and fuel substitution in the iron and steel industry and focuses on recovery and utilisation of excess energy and substitution of fossil fuels with biomass. Energy systems analysis has been used to investigate how changes in the iron and steel industry’s energy system would affect the steel plant’s economy and global CO2 emissions. The thesis also studies energy management practices in the Swedish iron and steel industry with the focus on how energy managers think about why energy efficiency measures are implemented or why they are not implemented. In-depth interviews with energy managers at eleven Swedish steel plants were conducted to analyse energy management practices. In order to show some of the large untapped heat flows in industry, excess heat recovery potential in the industrial sector in Gävleborg County in Sweden was analysed. Under the assumptions made in this thesis, the recovery output would be more than three times higher if the excess heat is used in a district heating system than if electricity is generated. An economic evaluation was performed for three electricity generation technologies for the conversion of low-temperature industrial excess heat. The results show that electricity generation with organic Rankine cycles and phase change material engines could be profitable, but that thermoelectric generation of electricity from low-temperature industrial excess heat would not be profitable at the present stage of technology development. With regard to fossil fuels substituted with biomass, there are opportunities to substitute fossil coal with charcoal in the blast furnace and to substitute liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) with bio-syngas or bio synthetic natural gas (bio-SNG) as fuel in the steel industry’s reheating furnaces. However, in the energy market scenarios studied, substituting LPG with bio-SNG as fuel in reheating furnaces at the studied scrap-based steel plant would not be profitable without economic policy support. The development of the energy market is shown to play a vital role for the outcome of how different measures would affect global CO2 emissions. Results from the interviews show that Swedish steel companies regard improved...

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Section: Integration Of Biomass Gasification With Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Integration Of Biomass Gasification With Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Energy Efficiency and Fuel Substitution in the Iron and Steel Industry

Johansson¹

2014

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“…The study also concluded that if the syngas from the biomass gasifier was used for combined heat and power generation, there was a potential for reduced global CO 2 emissions. However, the latter study showed that integration of a biomass gasifier with a thermal mechanical pulp mill results in larger global CO 2 emissions than if the two facilities were operating independently [13]. Buergler et al [14] studied integration of biomass gasification with sponge iron production (DRI production); bio-syngas produced was used as reducing agent in the process in which iron ore is converted into metallic iron.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reason for this is that when the biomass is purchased by the gasification plant the coal power plant has to burn coal instead of biomass. Wetterlund et al [12] and Isaksson et al [13] examined the integration of biomass gasification with pulp and paper production. In the former study the results showed that biomass gasification could be profitable for a thermochemical pulp mill [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-synthetic natural gas as fuel in steel industry reheating furnaces – A case study of economic performance and effects on global CO2 emissions

Johansson

2013

Energy

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Climate change is of great concern for society today. Manufacturing industries and construction account for approximately 20% of global CO 2 emissions and, consequently, it is important that this sector investigate options to reduce its CO 2 emissions. One option could be to substitute fossil fuels with renewable alternatives. This paper describes a case study in which four future energy market scenarios predicting 2030 were used to analyse whether it would be profitable for a steel plant to produce bio-synthetic natural gas (bio-SNG) in a biomass gasifier and to substitute liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) with bio-SNG as fuel in reheating furnaces. The effects on global CO 2 emissions were analysed from a perspective in which biomass is considered a limited resource. The results from the analysis show that investment in a biomass gasifier and fuel conversion would not be profitable in any of the scenarios. Depending on the scenario, the production cost for bio-SNG ranged between 22-36 EUR/GJ. Fuel substitution would reduce global CO 2 emission if the marginal biomass user is a producer of transportation fuel. However, if the marginal user of biomass is a coal power plant with wood co-firing, the result would be increased global CO 2 emissions.

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“…Recent forest industry biorefinery studies have focused mostly on black liquor and biomass gasification, and hemicellulose extraction [see e.g. 7,8,9]. In most studies, fuels are the main product, but also value-added products such as hydroxy acids and xylans have been investigated [e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microalgae-utilizing biorefinery concept for pulp and paper industry: Converting secondary streams into value-added products

2015

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Traditional pulp and paper industry is in transition due to increased competition and changes in consumption habits. Advanced biorefining is seen as one option to create new business opportunities. This article presents a microalgae-utilizing biorefinery which is integrated into a traditional pulp and paper mill and which produces high-value algal products, fertilizer and biogas from secondary process streams. Presented biorefinery process is validated with mass balances, employing initial data from a Scandinavian pulp and paper mill. Results indicate that the proposed process is technically viable. Production potential is sensitive to light and nutrient availability in algae cultivation, and seasonal changes in irradiance result in significant output variation. The biorefinery process can be generalized to other process industry and wastewater treatment plants that have similar output flows.

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Integration of biomass gasification with a Scandinavian mechanical pulp and paper mill – Consequences for mass and energy balances and global CO2 emissions

Cited by 43 publications

References 9 publications

Improved Energy Efficiency and Fuel Substitution in the Iron and Steel Industry

Improved Energy Efficiency and Fuel Substitution in the Iron and Steel Industry

Bio-synthetic natural gas as fuel in steel industry reheating furnaces – A case study of economic performance and effects on global CO2 emissions

Microalgae-utilizing biorefinery concept for pulp and paper industry: Converting secondary streams into value-added products

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