Integration of chemical and biological oxidation processes for water treatment: Review and recommendations

Scott, Jon P.; Ollis, David F.

doi:10.1002/ep.670140212

Cited by 507 publications

(267 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The biodegradability of the treated leachate, obtained by the BOD 5 /COD ratio, was 0.23, while the minimum value for an effective biological treatment is 0.3 (Scott and Ollis, 1995;Marco et al, 1997;Parra et al, 2002). Furthermore, the phytotoxicity tests showed that toxicity also occurs after conventional biological treatment, thus corroborating the results found by other studies on the toxicity of treated effluents (Oral et al, 2007;De Nicola et al, 2007;Bortolotto et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Evaluation of phytotoxicity of municipal landfill leachate before and after biological treatment

2015

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In the present study, leachate toxicity of a municipal solid waste landfill located in the Sinos River Valley region (southern Brazil) was evaluated using plant bioassays. Leachate toxicity was assessed by analysis of seed germination and root elongation of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and rocket plant (Eruca sativa Mill.) and root elongation of onions (Allium cepa L.). Bioassays were performed by exposing the seeds of L. sativa and E. sativa and the roots of A. cepa to raw leachate, treated leachate (biological treatment) and negative control (tap water). The levels of metals detected in both samples of leachate were low, and raw leachate showed high values for ammoniacal nitrogen and total Kjeldahl nitrogen. There is a reduction in the values of several physicochemical parameters, which demonstrates the efficiency of the treatment. Both L. sativa and A. cepa showed a phytotoxic response to landfill leachate, showing reduced root elongation. However, the responses of these two plant species were different. Root elongation was significantly lower in A. cepa exposed to treated leachate, when compared to negative control, but did not show any difference when compared to raw leachate. In L. sativa, seeds exposed to the raw leachate showed significant reduction in root elongation, when compared to treated leachate and negative control. Seed germination showed no difference across the treatments. The results of the study show that plant species respond differently and that municipal solid waste landfill leachate show phytotoxicity, even after biological treatment. Palavras-chave: bioensaios com plantas, poluição da água, tratamento de efluentes, efeitos tóxicos. Keywords

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Evaluation of phytotoxicity of municipal landfill leachate before and after biological treatment

2015

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“…It can be concluded that, in addition to precipitation coagulation process, adsorptive micellar flocculation mechanism seems contribute to the removal of surfactants and organic matters from this rejection. Many authors use the ratio BOD/COD as biodegradability index (Chamarro, et al, 2001;Scott et Ollis, 1995). Table 2 shows that BOD 5 /COD ratio for initial and treated wastewaters changed from 0.16 to 0.41.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of surfactant from industrial wastewaters by coagulation flocculation process

Aboulhassan¹,

Souabi²,

Yaacoubi

et al. 2006

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

187

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Surfactants are among the most widely disseminated xenobiotics that contribute significantly to the pollution profile of sewage and wastewaters of all kinds. Among the currently employed chemical unit processes in the treatment of wastewaters, coagulation-flocculation has received considerable attention for yielding high pollutant removal efficiency. Jar-test experiments are employed in order to determine the optimum conditions for the removal of surfactants, COD and turbidity in terms of effective dosage, and pH control. Treatment with FeCl 3 proved to be effective in a pH range between 7 and 9. The process is very effective in the reduction of surfactants and COD, the removals are 99 and 88 % respectively, and increased BOD 5 /COD index from 0.17 to 0.41. In addition to precipitation coagulation process, adsorptive micellar flocculation mechanism seems contribute to the removal of surfactants and organic matters from this rejection.

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“…an activated sludge system (Liver et al 1993;Pere et al 1993;Scott and Ollis 1995;Nakamura et al 1997;Novak et al 1998;Sarlin et al 1999;Thompson et al 2001;Diez et al 2002;Kostamo and Kukkonen 2003;Mahmood and Elliott 2006;Agridiotis et al 2007; Chakrabari et al 2008;Elliott and Mahmood 2012;Kaluža et al 2014). Figure 9 provides a schematic illustration of a clarifier unit that would follow such treatment.…”

Section: Secondary Treatment: Activated Sludgementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various authors have considered options of treating the process water so that it can be reused within the normal operations of papermaking (Tenno and Paulapuro 1999;Verenich et al 2000;Webb 2002;Nuortila-Jokinen et al 2004;Hubbe 2007c;Ordóñez et al 2010;Mauchauffee et al 2012;Saif et al 2013). Wider review articles and books dealing with general aspects of wastewater treatment have appeared (Scott and Ollis 1995;Thompson et al 2001;Pokhrel and Viraraghavan 2004;Singh et al 2012;Riffat 2013;Ranade 2014;Spellman 2014;Zhao et al 2014;Hopcroft 2015;Blanco et al 2016;Fatta-Kassinos et al 2016). Finally, Ince et al (2011) reviewed strategies that can be implemented in the P&P industry to prevent pollution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation: A Review of Pulp and Paper Industry Practices and Opportunities

Hubbe

Metts

Hermosilla

et al. 2016

BioRes

194

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The pulp and paper (P&P) industry worldwide has achieved substantial progress in treating both process water and wastewater, thus limiting the discharge of pollutants to receiving waters. This review covers a variety of wastewater treatment methods, which provide P&P companies with costeffective ways to limit the release of biological or chemical oxygen demand, toxicity, solids, color, and other indicators of pollutant load. Conventional wastewater treatment systems, often comprising primary clarification followed by activated sludge processes, have been widely implemented in the P&P industry. Higher levels of pollutant removal can be achieved by supplementary treatments, which can include anaerobic biological stages, advanced oxidation processes, bioreactors, and membrane filtration technologies. Improvements in the performance of wastewater treatment operations often can be achieved by effective measurement technologies and by strategic addition of agents including coagulants, flocculants, filter aids, and optimized fungal or bacterial cultures. In addition, P&P mills can implement upstream process changes, including dissolved-air-flotation (DAF) systems, filtration save-alls, and kidney-like operations to purify process waters, thus reducing the load of pollutants and the volume of effluent being discharged to end-of-pipe wastewater treatment plants. Keywords: Wastewater treatment; Pulp and paper manufacturing; Advanced oxidation; Membrane technologies; Clarification; Activated sludgeContact information: a: North Carolina State University, Dept. of Forest Biomaterials, Campus Box 8005, Raleigh, NC 29695-8005; b: WestRock Company, Water and Waste Treatment, 600 S 8th St, Fernandina Beach, FL 32034; c: Department of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering, University of Valladolid, Campus Duques de Soria, E-42004 Soria, Spain; d: Complutense University of Madrid, Department of Chemical Engineering, Ingn. Quim, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Ciudad Universitaria s/n,S-N, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; e: Concordia University, Dept. Bldg. Civil & Environm. Engn., 1455 Maisonneuve Blvd, West Montreal, PQ H3G 1M8, Canada; f: University of Jyväskylä, Dept. Chem., Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; g: Department of Biology, Center for Environmental and Marine Studies, CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; h: Department of Environment and Planning, Center for Environmental and Marine Studies, CESAM, Aveiro & Department of Materials and Ceramics, Institute of Materials, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; i: FPInnovations, 570 St. Jean Blvd., Pointe Claire, PQ H9R 3J9, Canada; * Corresponding author: hubbe@ncsu.edu Contents of the Article INTRODUCTIONThe pulp and paper (P&P) industry occupies a challenging position with respect to the natural environment. On the positive side, the industry is based on the usage of renewable, photosynthetic resources. On the other hand, the industry discharges huge quantities of aqueous effluents. Large volumes (up to 70 m 3 ) of wastewater ...

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Integration of chemical and biological oxidation processes for water treatment: Review and recommendations

Abstract: The literature of studies which used a combination of chemical and biological degradation (

Cited by 507 publications

References 59 publications

Evaluation of phytotoxicity of municipal landfill leachate before and after biological treatment

Evaluation of phytotoxicity of municipal landfill leachate before and after biological treatment

Removal of surfactant from industrial wastewaters by coagulation flocculation process

Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation: A Review of Pulp and Paper Industry Practices and Opportunities

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