Integration of Early Community Practice in Pharmacy Education at the University of Belize

Husaini, Danladi Chiroma; Abubakar, Yusuf; Harris-Thurton, Lydia; Mphuthi, David D.; Chiroma, Jane Adhiambo

doi:10.38164/ajper/10.4.2021.27-40

Cited by 1 publication

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“…The training of pharmacists in LAC countries enhances and strengthens the healthcare system. Presently, many LAC countries have upgraded their pharmacist training to align with international educational standards (Husaini et al , 2017). In addition, the use of barcodes on packaging, new technologies to secure packaging, techniques to utilize color shift inks and holograms and physical unclonable function have been proposed as methods to strengthen the supply chain (Leem et al , 2020).…”

Section: Quality Of Medicines In Latin America and The Caribbean (Lac)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality of medicines and public health in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC): a review

Husaini,

Bolon,

Smith

et al. 2023

IJPHM

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Purpose Increased outsourcing and importation of drugs from different parts of the world to the Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region result in the proliferation of substandard and fake medicines, posing a threat to public health. The presence of substandard and fake medications in LAC regions is a source of public health concern and causes an economic burden to the governments in these regions. Whereas testing and detecting medication quality can easily be achieved in developed countries, the situation is different in developing countries such as LAC. This paper aims to examine the public health challenges faced by LAC regarding substandard, fake and counterfeit medicines and how the region can tackle these challenges. Design/methodology/approach Databases such as Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Embase, HINARI, EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, unpublished data, conference abstracts and papers from World Health Organization, Pan-American Health Organization and electronic newspapers were searched concerning medicine quality and in LAC. Findings Drug treatment improves the quality of life while decreasing morbidity and mortality among diseased populations. Absence of or inadequate testing laboratories, old and ineffective legislature, lack of enforcement or willpower and lack of effective surveillance are challenges in LAC for the proliferation of substandard and falsified medicines (SFMs). Research limitations/implications The most significant limitation of this study was the need for the reviewers to have used articles written in other languages besides English. The LAC region has a large population in non-English-speaking countries, and many articles are written using local languages. Hence, excluding those articles is a limitation worthy of note in this review. The articles accessed needed to provide adequate information on SFM markets and illegal pharmacies or hospitals but did not. Future reviews may focus on providing illegal substandard and falsified medicines markets in the region and how they can be minimized or eliminated. Originality/value This review highlights the challenges faced by LAC countries regarding substandard, fake and counterfeit medicines. The sources, prevalence and consequences of substandard and falsified drugs were identified to suggest the measures needed to curb the infiltration of low-quality medicines in LAC.

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Section: Quality Of Medicines In Latin America and The Caribbean (Lac)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality of medicines and public health in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC): a review

Husaini,

Bolon,

Smith

et al. 2023

IJPHM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Integration of Early Community Practice in Pharmacy Education at the University of Belize

Cited by 1 publication

References 0 publications

Quality of medicines and public health in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC): a review

Quality of medicines and public health in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC): a review

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