Integration of galacturonic acid extraction with alkaline protein extraction from green tea leaf residue

Zhang, Chen; Bozileva, Elvira; Klis, Frits van der; Dong, Yiyuan; Sanders, J.P.M.; Bruins, Marieke E.

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.04.074

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Finally, products from GTR, including polyphenols, carbohydrates, and protein, are food grade; a similar market as tea lemonade. For example, an integrated process producing pectin and protein from GTR can generate a profit of 118 $/ton GTR (Zhang et al, 2016). This may benefit Damin Foodstuff (Zhangzhou) Co., Ltd., which produces 50,000 ton GTR per year and provided us with the sample.…”

Section: Integration In the Existing Process Of Tea Lemonade Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving yield and composition of protein concentrates from green tea residue in an agri-food supply chain: Effect of pre-treatment

Zhang

Krimpen

Sanders

et al. 2016

Food and Bioproducts Processing

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Section: Integration In the Existing Process Of Tea Lemonade Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving yield and composition of protein concentrates from green tea residue in an agri-food supply chain: Effect of pre-treatment

Zhang

Krimpen

Sanders

et al. 2016

Food and Bioproducts Processing

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“…In previous work the protein extraction yields were determined using NaOH as an alkali source . Pretreatments using weak alkaline or Viscozyme ® were also included in those studies.…”

Section: Approachmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…However, the wide application of leaf protein has so far been limited due to the low cost‐efficiency of leaf protein production . Recently, the cost‐efficiency of leaf protein extraction was improved by redefining alkaline extraction conditions and by process integration with pretreatments using Viscozyme ® L and ethanol . With these improvements, leaf biorefining becomes economically feasible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This approach reduces the need for additional K‐fertilizer and reduces transportation costs. The chemical similarity of KOH will also allow for easy integration with pretreatments like Viscozyme ® L‐aided pectin extraction and weak‐alkaline pectin extraction, which have already been cost‐effectively integrated with protein extraction …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extraction using NaOH was considered as a control. The economics and environmental impacts of these two scenarios were analyzed for several integrated processes of pectin extraction with protein extraction . The scenario of Ca(OH) 2 protein extraction was further tested using microalgae to confirm the applicability of the proposed integrated process chains to other materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sustainable scenarios for alkaline protein extraction from leafy biomass using green tea residue as a model material

Zhang

Slegers

Wisse

et al. 2018

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Leaf protein can be extracted cost‐efficiently using 0.1 mol dm−3 NaOH, but this process is less sustainable due to the generation of large amounts of sodium salts. KOH or Ca(OH)2 are considered as replacements for NaOH, as these salts can be reused. This work evaluates the economic and environmental sustainability of weak alkaline pectin extraction followed by KOH enhanced protein extraction, and Viscozyme® L‐aided pectin extraction followed by Ca(OH)2 enhanced protein extraction. The evaluations are made for green tea residue and are compared to related processes using NaOH. The predicted profits using KOH are comparable to those using NaOH. Environmental sustainability improves for all impact categories in the case of KOH extraction. Further environmental benefits are obtained by substituting conventional K fertilizer with the K‐rich salty waste water from the extraction process. The profits of the process using Ca(OH)2 are highly dependent on the extraction yield of the protein product. Protein extraction yields using Ca(OH)2 need to be higher than 70% to be more profitable than the same process with NaOH. The environmental benefits of Ca(OH)2 extraction include the absence of salty waste water and the net production of heat. This is accompanied by increased electricity consumption. Thus, the impact categories of climate change, fossil and water depletion, and particulate matter formation worsen. Photochemical oxidant formations remain the same, while the other impacts improve. This work has shown the potential and bottlenecks of NaOH, KOH and Ca(OH)2 protein extraction on different types of biomass in terms of environmental and economic sustainability. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

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Ultrasonic and enzymatic pretreatments of Monascus fermentation byproduct for a sustainable production of Bacillus subtilis

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2021

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUND Monascus fermentation byproduct (MFB) is a biowaste generated after food colorants are extracted. Using MFB to produce probiotics (Bacillus subtilis) is a sustainable way for the entire production to be used as food or animal feed additives. However, due to the rigidity of the Monascus mycelium cell wall, B. subtilis cannot sufficiently utilize the nutrients in MFB, leading to low biomass production efficiency. We studied the effects of ultrasonic treatment, papain, β‐glucanase, and chitosanase, and their combinations on improving the levels of soluble components from MFB. The effects of these treatments on mycelium cell walls were visualized using scanning electron microscopy, and their influence on B. subtilis production was analyzed. RESULTS Ultrasonic treatment increased the soluble components by 210 g kg−1, including 50 g kg−1 protein and 120 g kg−1 carbohydrates. An enzyme mixture increased the soluble components by 160 g kg−1, including 30 g kg−1 protein and 90 g kg−1 carbohydrates. The combination of the two methods achieved the highest increase of soluble components (up to 400 g kg−1) leading to a maximum B. subtilis production of 1 × 1011 colony‐forming unit mL−1. This yield was about 20 times greater than that using untreated MFB and about eight times greater than treatments using only ultrasonic or enzymatic methods. CONCLUSION The productivity of B. subtilis production using MFB as the sole medium can be greatly improved by ultrasound or enzymes, which cause the release of intercellular components or cell wall components. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

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Integration of galacturonic acid extraction with alkaline protein extraction from green tea leaf residue

Cited by 20 publications

References 33 publications

Improving yield and composition of protein concentrates from green tea residue in an agri-food supply chain: Effect of pre-treatment

Improving yield and composition of protein concentrates from green tea residue in an agri-food supply chain: Effect of pre-treatment

Sustainable scenarios for alkaline protein extraction from leafy biomass using green tea residue as a model material

Ultrasonic and enzymatic pretreatments of Monascus fermentation byproduct for a sustainable production of Bacillus subtilis

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