Integration of NiTiO₃ Films onto TiO₂ Nanorods as Photoanodes for Glucose Detection with Near-Infrared Light

Abstract

Diabetes remains a significant chronic disease, with its prevalence projected to exceed 700 million by 2045. Monitoring glucose levels through conventional methods is crucial for mitigating the associated health risks. In this study, NiTiO 3 films are loaded on TiO 2 nanorods to create photoanodes, which are applied for glucose detection using near-infrared (NIR) light illumination. This approach achieved a detection limit of 0.01 mM with selectivity reaching up to 95%. Additionally, the long-term stability was confirmed for at least 16 weeks. This study demonstrates the potential of using NiTiO 3 -based nanomaterials as an NIRdriven sensor for glucose detection.