Integration Processes In The Global Economy: Current State And Prospects. The Cases Of The European Union, ASEAN Economic Community, And NAFTA

Witkowska, Janina

doi:10.1515/cer-2016-0029

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Though the literature on economic convergence is vast (Bélanger and Mace, 2017;Zlatev et al, 2018), to the best of our knowledge this is the first study to look at awareness and expectation convergence within the context of international trade and technological diffusion. Our findings corroborate however with the past literature including Witkowska (2016), which looked at the state of the integration processes in the global economy, focusing on three regional integration groupings namely the European Union, the ASEAN Economic Community, and NAFTA. In the case of NAFTA, the study reported that member states do not seem to have an intention to deepen integration in the like of the European patterns and are not pushing NAFTA toward more advanced integration stages.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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International Trade and the Convergence in Youth Technological Awareness and Expectations within NAFTA: The Case of GMOs and Nuclear Power Technologies

Niankara¹,

Lc²

2019

Preprint

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Relying on the USA, Canada and Mexico extract from the cross-national data sample on the environmental affection and cognition of adolescent students (Niankara, 2019), along with seemingly unrelated bivariate weighted ordered probit regression modeling (Niankara and Zoungrana, 2018), this study reports on the convergence of technological awareness and expectations within the context of international trade. We achieve this by adopting a regional perspective in investigating the effects of affective, cognitive and situational factors on youth's awareness and expectations about genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and nuclear power technology (NPT) within the North American free trade block. Identification of model parameters is achieved using maximum simulated likelihood methods. The findings show that although it has been over 20 years as of 2015 that USA, Canada, and Mexico ratified the north American free trade agreement (NAFTA), the diffusion of technology and information within the trade block has not succeeded in homogenizing awareness and expectations about GMOs and Nuclear power technology, as observed in the youth population across the three countries. Indeed, with regards to technological awareness, compared to youth from the USA, those from Canada show 15% (GMOs) and 7.1% (NPT) more awareness respectively; while those in Mexico are respectively 34.4% and 19.5% less aware about GMOs and NPT. With respect to technological expectations, compared to youth from the USA, those from Canada and Mexico are respectively 34.4% and 39.9% more optimistic about GMOs, while 15% and 49.7% more optimistic about NPT. Overall, youth within NAFTA country members are respectively 2.5% and 6.7% more optimistic about GMOs and NPT for every level increase in their awareness about the two technologies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Within the context of international trade, "Integration theory identifies the economic effectsboth short-term static and long-term dynamic -of particular stages of integration processes which should be expected within integrating economies such as free trade areas (FTA)" (Witkowska, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

International Trade and the Convergence in Youth Technological Awareness and Expectations within NAFTA: The Case of GMOs and Nuclear Power Technologies

Niankara¹,

Lc²

2019

Preprint

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“…This growth implies increasing demand which, if not catered for, would lead to looming levels of food shortages [1]. Taking into account these and other dynamics, there is therefore a need not only for an increase in sustainable food supply and food security, but also efficient measures to redistribute that food to deprived economic regions [7,9]. It is within this broad context that African leaders have decided, perhaps for the first time, to look for internal ways to address Africa's perennial challenges of poverty and inequality at the continental level by signing the African Continental Free Trade Agreement (AfCFTA) in March, 2018 in Kigali Rwanda [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of AfCFTA on Food Security Sustainability: An Analysis of the Cereals Trade in the SADC Region

Pasara

Diko

2020

Sustainability

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The signing of the African Continental Free Trade Agreement (AfCFTA) has stimulated a lot of trade potential in Africa that could see the continent significantly improving its intra-trade levels, thereby boosting the economic welfare of Africans. In light of food security sustainability in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region, this paper employed the World Integrated Trade Solution, Software for Market Analysis and Restrictions on Trade (WITS-SMART) simulation model to assess the potential effects of the AfCFTA on trade in cereals. Cereals have been regarded as the most critical component of food security. The model indicated trading partners for each of the 15 SADC countries, their level of trade creation, trade diversion, consumer surplus, welfare and revenue effects of any regional trade agreement. The results indicated that the AfCFTA will only lead to positive outcomes in four (Angola, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Madagascar and Namibia) of the fifteen SADC countries, with the rest remaining unchanged. In general, previously closed economies, that is, economies which were not part of a free trade agreement (FTA) or a deeper arrangement will stand to gain more than open economies because they are already opened up at the free trade level, which is equivalent to the AfCFTA. Thus, as far as cereals and food security is concerned, the AfCFTA will add minimal value. However, the overall value gains are likely to be greater when all food categories are included in the simulations. In general, the study recommends that African countries should deepen their integration levels to perhaps common markets where production factors, that is, labour and capital, become mobile. This will have multiplier effects in improving continental food security sustainability from a trade perspective.

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“…Many authors include for the MRTA four emerging partnerships: the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (REED), the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP), and the FTA between Japan, China and South Korea (JCKFTA). At the same time there are some authors consider a broader range of partnerships initiatives, but do not include JCKFTA [7,8]. However, the actual implementation of the MRTA is not going well.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Spagetti bowl” in the Region of the Greater Mediterranean

Solovyova¹

2019

Proceedings of the International Scientific-Practical Conference “Business Cooperation as a Resource of Sustainable Economic De

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The article deals with the the macro-region of the Greater Mediterranean (Mediterranean and Black Sea region), its place and role in international relations. The author gives a description of the concept of the «Great Mediterranean». The article examines the new trends in the development of international integration processes in different regions of the Greater Mediterranean. Keywords-World Trade Organization (WTO), regional trade agreements (RTA), mega-regional partnerships, the Great Mediterranean, the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), the European Union (EU), the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC).

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Integration Processes In The Global Economy: Current State And Prospects. The Cases Of The European Union, ASEAN Economic Community, And NAFTA

Cited by 8 publications

References 6 publications

International Trade and the Convergence in Youth Technological Awareness and Expectations within NAFTA: The Case of GMOs and Nuclear Power Technologies

International Trade and the Convergence in Youth Technological Awareness and Expectations within NAFTA: The Case of GMOs and Nuclear Power Technologies

The Effects of AfCFTA on Food Security Sustainability: An Analysis of the Cereals Trade in the SADC Region

“Spagetti bowl” in the Region of the Greater Mediterranean

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