Integrative analysis of transcriptome and metabolome reveals probiotic effects on cecal metabolism in broilers

Abstract

BACKGROUND Probiotics play an important role in the host and have attracted widespread attention as an alternative to antibiotics. Arbor Acres broilers were used in the present experiment and fed different doses of compound probiotics at 1, 5, and 10 g kg−1. The effects of compound probiotics on broiler growth performance and cecal transcriptome and metabolome were investigated. RESULTS We discovered 425 differentially expressed genes (DEGs; upregulated: 256; downregulated: 169) in the cecal transcriptome study. These DEGs were assigned to fat metabolic pathways, such as the peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway, according to KEGG analysis. Probiotics downregulated LPL and upregulated PPARα expression in the cecum. In metabolome analysis of the cecum of cecum, we screened 86 differential metabolites and performed KEGG enrichment analysis of these metabolites. The KEGG analysis showed that these differentially expressed metabolites were annotated to nucleotide metabolism‐related pathways, such as purine metabolism. In the cecum, probiotics upregulated the content of guanine, AMP, 3′‐AMP, adenylosuccinate, deoxyguanosine, and ADP‐ribose, whereas they downregulated the content of 5‐hydroxyisourate. Comprehensive transcriptome and metabolome analysis revealed that glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways were jointly enriched in cecum of broilers fed a probiotic‐containing diet. CONCLUSION This study provides valuable information for studying the regulation and gene metabolism network of probiotics on cecal metabolism in broilers. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.

Deciphering Microbiome, Transcriptome, and Metabolic Interactions in the Presence of Probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus against Salmonella Typhimurium in a Murine Model

“…They also boost phagocytosis [32,33], and regulate pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines to protect against gastro-enteric infections [34]. Among these probiotics, Lactobacillus acidophilus stands out as a promising contender to influence host-pathogen interactions by coordinating dynamic changes in the host's microbiome, transcriptome, and metabolome [35][36][37]. It colonizes the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, inhibits the adherence of various enterotoxigenic and entero-invasive bacteria [38], and enhances gut immune barrier functions [39].…”