Integrative management to sustain biodiversity and ecological continuity in Central European temperate oak (Quercus robur, Q. petraea) forests: An overview

Mölder, Andreas; Meyer, Peter; Nagel, Ralf-Volker

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2019.01.006

Cited by 129 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 175 publications

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“…Oaks (Quercus L.) are typical components of northern temperate ecosystems in which they provide multiple ecosystem services (Johnson, Shifley, Rogers, Dey, & Kabrick, 2018;Löf et al, 2016;Mölder, Meyer, & Nagel, 2019). Due to their disproportionate importance for biodiversity they are foundational species (Dayton, 1972;Ellison et al, 2005), creating crucial habitats for saproxylic invertebrates (Jonsell, Weslien, & Ehnström, 1998), lichens, fungi (Ranius, Eliasson, & Johansson, 2008), and birds (Rodewald & Abrams, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of canopy openness, ungulate exclosure, and low‐intensity fire for improved oak regeneration in temperate Europe

Petersson

Dey

Gardiner

et al. 2020

Ecology and Evolution

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Failed oak regeneration is widely reported in temperate forests and has been linked in part to changed disturbance regimes and land‐use. We investigated if the North American fire–oak hypothesis could be applicable to temperate European oaks (Quercus robur, Quercus petraea) using a replicated field experiment with contrasting canopy openness, protection against ungulate browsing (fencing/no fencing), and low‐intensity surface fire (burn/no burn). Survival, relative height growth (RGRH), browsing damage on naturally regenerated oaks (≤300 cm tall), and changes in competing woody vegetation were monitored over three years. Greater light availability in canopy gaps increased oak RGRH (p = .034) and tended to increase survival (p = .092). There was also a trend that protection from browsing positively affected RGRH (p = .058) and survival (p = .059). Burning reduced survival (p < .001), nonetheless, survival rates were relatively high across treatment combinations at the end of the experiment (54%–92%). Most oaks receiving fire were top‐killed and survived by producing new sprouts; therefore, RGRH in burned plots became strongly negative the first year. Thereafter, RGRH was greater in burned plots (p = .002). Burning altered the patterns of ungulate browsing frequency on oaks. Overall, browsing frequency was greater during winter; however, in recently burned plots summer browsing was prominent. Burning did not change relative density of oaks, but it had a clear effect on competing woody vegetation as it reduced the number of individuals (p < .001) and their heights (p < .001). Our results suggest that young, temperate European oaks may respond similarly to fire as their North American congeners. However, disturbance from a single low‐intensity fire may not be sufficient to ensure a persistent competitive advantage—multiple fires and canopy thinning to increase light availability may be needed. Further research investigating long‐term fire effects on oaks of various ages, species‐specific response of competitors and implications for biodiversity conservation is needed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of canopy openness, ungulate exclosure, and low‐intensity fire for improved oak regeneration in temperate Europe

Petersson

Dey

Gardiner

et al. 2020

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Rotation systems are better than selection systems at promoting the development of natural regeneration of lightdemanding species (Mölder et al 2019). At the same time, through thinning and giving preference to one or two economically valuable tree species, the ratio of admixing native species can be significantly reduced (Solymos 1993;Mölder et al 2019). While the amount of deadwood is also very low, this often depends more on management decisions and on the intensity and frequency of forest use (Kapusta et al 2020).…”

Section: Electronic Supplementary Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is therefore an urgent need to apply alternative silvicultural approaches in managed forests that will simultaneously diversify forest structures, maintain at least some old-growth attributes in managed forests and provide timber for society (Bauhus et al 2009;Messier et al 2015). Alternative approaches, such as selection system, retention forestry and active restoration, are attracting increasing attention (Keeton 2006;Bauhus et al 2009, Mölder et al 2019, but the dominance of the rotation approach is changing at a very slow rate in much of Europe (Jacobsen 2001;Puettmann et al 2015;Messier et al 2015).…”

Section: Electronic Supplementary Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Boncina 2011), most studies focus on boreal forests or on the beech and spruce forest zone (Dieler et al 2017). Such forests contain fewer large old trees and less deadwood than primeval forests (Motta et al 2014;Pach and Podlaski 2015), while they can be richer in large trees, gaps, and patches of natural regeneration than rotation forests and recently abandoned rotation forests (Dieler et al 2017;Keren et al 2017;Mölder et al 2019).…”

Section: Electronic Supplementary Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The number and size of very large trees are important indicators of old-growth structure from the perspective of nature conservation (Mölder et al 2019). Despite this, little is known about the density and dimension of old trees in a natural, hardwood floodplain forest (Bobinac 2000;Janik et al 2008Janik et al , 2011.…”

Section: Old-growthness In Hardwood Floodplain Forestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The legacy of management approaches and abandonment on old-growth attributes in hardwood floodplain forests in the Pannonian Ecoregion

et al. 2020

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In the absence of primeval floodplain forests, near-natural remnants are key references for close-to-nature forestry and nature conservation. Old-growth forest characteristics (OGCs) were quantified in 16 managed (rotation or selection) and abandoned semi-natural floodplain forests by taking snapshot inventories of structural features. Principal component analysis revealed a short gradient from closed-canopy managed stands dominated by large trees (mainly oaks) and hornbeams, with less deadwood, to abandoned older stands with more gaps, very large trees and different kinds of deadwood. All the studied forests are mainly in the early and late biostatic phases of forest development, with innovation and degradation phases almost completely absent. Results showed that selection forests had significantly more very large trees compared to rotation stands. The difference in structure between abandoned selection stands and abandoned rotation stands was more pronounced than in their counterparts that are still managed. Based on diameter distribution and the amount of very large trees and deadwood, abandoned selection stands were closest to the structure of natural forests. Selection forests may recover certain OGCs more rapidly than rotation forests. We concluded that after 100-150 years of homogenising rotation forestry, OGCs are slow to develop in just 25 years of non-intervention. Based on our results, we recommend: (i) an increase in the rotation cycle with selective logging in order to restore and maintain OGCs in managed rotation forests and (ii) total abandonment in certain well-preserved, near-natural forests with natural flooding regimes. However, the failure of oak to regenerate naturally remains a challenge.

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Synergies Between Tree Crops and Ecosystems in Tropical Agroforestry

Dissanayaka,

Udumann,

Atapattu

2024

Agroforestry

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Integrative management to sustain biodiversity and ecological continuity in Central European temperate oak (Quercus robur, Q. petraea) forests: An overview

Cited by 129 publications

References 175 publications

Influence of canopy openness, ungulate exclosure, and low‐intensity fire for improved oak regeneration in temperate Europe

Influence of canopy openness, ungulate exclosure, and low‐intensity fire for improved oak regeneration in temperate Europe

The legacy of management approaches and abandonment on old-growth attributes in hardwood floodplain forests in the Pannonian Ecoregion

Synergies Between Tree Crops and Ecosystems in Tropical Agroforestry

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