Integrin involvement in keratocyte locomotion

Beus, Elizabeth de; Jacobson, Ken

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0169(1998)41:2<126::aid-cm4>3.0.co;2-c

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Consistent with the widespread application of traction forces, all areas of the keratocyte appear able to adhere to the substratum, as judged by IRM (Bereiter-Hahn et al, 1981;Kolega et al, 1982;Strohmeier and Bereiter-Hahn, 1984;Mittal and Bereiter-Hahn, 1985;Bereiter-Hahn and Voth, 1988;Lee et al, 1993b;Bereiter-Hahn and Luers, 1994;Lee and Jacobson, 1997;de Beus and Jacobson, 1998; the present work) and the distribution of integrins and other adhesion proteins (Lee and Jacobson, 1997;de Beus and Jacobson, 1998). In the present work, close contacts were often homogeneous under both the cell body and the lamellipodium in rapidly locomoting cells, although with much variability (Figures 2, B and D, 3B, 5D, and 6B).…”

Section: Cell-substratum Contactssupporting

confidence: 84%

Keratocytes Generate Traction Forces in Two Phases

Burton

Park

Taylor

1999

MBoC

171

131

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Forces generated by goldfish keratocytes and Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts have been measured with nanonewton precision and submicrometer spatial resolution. Differential interference contrast microscopy was used to visualize deformations produced by traction forces in elastic substrata, and interference reflection microscopy revealed sites of cell-substratum adhesions. Force ranged from a few nanonewtons at submicrometer spots under the lamellipodium to several hundred nanonewtons under the cell body. As cells moved forward, centripetal forces were applied by lamellipodia at sites that remained stationary on the substratum. Force increased and abruptly became lateral at the boundary of the lamellipodium and the cell body. When the cell retracted at its posterior margin, cell-substratum contact area decreased more rapidly than force, so that stress (force divided by area) increased as the cell pulled away. An increase in lateral force was associated with widening of the cell body. These mechanical data suggest an integrated, two-phase mechanism of cell motility: (1) low forces in the lamellipodium are applied in the direction of cortical flow and cause the cell body to be pulled forward; and (2) a component of force at the flanks pulls the rear margins forward toward the advancing cell body, whereas a large lateral component contributes to detachment of adhesions without greatly perturbing forward movement.

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Section: Cell-substratum Contactssupporting

confidence: 84%

Keratocytes Generate Traction Forces in Two Phases

Burton

Park

Taylor

1999

MBoC

171

131

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“…Indeed, this phenotype is remarkably similar to that seen when keratocytes are treated with function-blocking anti-␤1 integrin antibodies (45), suggesting that the uncaged peptide intervenes in integrin-mediated signaling pathways. For photoactivation, it appears that in order to liberate sufficient phosphopeptide for an effect, irradiation of the thicker part of the cell was required.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

In Situ Photoactivation of a Caged Phosphotyrosine Peptide Derived from Focal Adhesion Kinase Temporarily Halts Lamellar Extension of Single Migrating Tumor Cells

Humphrey

Rajfur²,

Vázquez³

et al. 2005

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…The process consists of cycles of frontal extension and tail retraction, coupled to complex mechanical interactions between the cellular contractile apparatus and the substrate through integrin-mediated adhesion sites (Yamada and Miyamoto, 1995;Lauffenburger and Horwitz, 1996;De Beus and Jacobson, 1998;Sheetz et al, 1998;Horwitz and Parsons, 1999). It is generally agreed that frontal protrusion serves as a means to extend forward and establish new adhesion structures, whereas the transmission of contractile forces to the substrate at adhesion sites causes the cell body to move (Lauffenburger and Horwitz, 1996;Sheetz et al, 1998;Burton et al, 1999;Elson et al, 1999;Svitkina and Borisy, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct Roles of Frontal and Rear Cell-Substrate Adhesions in Fibroblast Migration

Munevar

Wang

Dembo

2001

MBoC

128

104

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Cell migration involves complex physical and chemical interactions with the substrate. To probe the mechanical interactions under different regions of migrating 3T3 fibroblasts, we have disrupted cell-substrate adhesions by local application of the GRGDTP peptide, while imaging stress distribution on the substrate with traction force microscopy. Both spontaneous and GRGDTP-induced detachment of the trailing edge caused extensive cell shortening, without changing the overall level of traction forces or the direction of migration. In contrast, disruption of frontal adhesions caused dramatic, global loss of traction forces before any significant shortening of the cell. Although traction forces and cell migration recovered within 10-20 min of transient frontal treatment, persistent treatment with GRGDTP caused the cell to develop traction forces elsewhere and reorient toward a new direction. We conclude that contractile forces of a fibroblast are transmitted to the substrate through two distinct types of adhesions. Leading edge adhesions are unique in their ability to transmit active propulsive forces. Their functions cannot be transferred directly to existing adhesions upon detachment. Trailing end adhesions create passive resistance during cell migration and readily redistribute their loads upon detachment. Our results indicate the distinct nature of mechanical interactions at the leading versus trailing edges, which together generate the mechanical interactions for fibroblast migration.

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Integrin involvement in keratocyte locomotion

Cited by 20 publications

References 36 publications

Keratocytes Generate Traction Forces in Two Phases

Keratocytes Generate Traction Forces in Two Phases

In Situ Photoactivation of a Caged Phosphotyrosine Peptide Derived from Focal Adhesion Kinase Temporarily Halts Lamellar Extension of Single Migrating Tumor Cells

Distinct Roles of Frontal and Rear Cell-Substrate Adhesions in Fibroblast Migration

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