Inteligência emocional: teoria, pesquisa, medida, aplicações e controvérsias

Abstract

ResumoA Inteligência Emocional (IE) constitui um construto psicológico recente, e um dos aspectos da inteligência mais discutidos na atualidade. Ela reflete, sobretudo, o estudo das interações entre emoção e inteligência, o que nos permite inferir a complexidade do campo conceitual, bem como as dificuldades metodológicas daí decorrentes. Este artigo visa informar ao leitor o corrente status da IE do ponto de vista científico, apresentando-se os modelos teóricos correntes desta forma de inteligência, bem como suas principais características, qualidades, falhas, críticas à teoria, aplicações e correlações com outros construtos psicológicos. Além disso, apresenta-se uma discussão acerca dos tipos de instrumentos de medida da IE que têm sido utilizados, incluindo aspectos e pesquisas relacionadas à capacidade destas escalas de predizer comportamentos, de forma independente das medidas psicométricas existentes. Embora sejam notáveis a ampliação do campo e os progressos no desenvolvimento da teoria da IE, bem como dos testes que se propõem medi-la, ainda há problemas a serem sanados e melhor investigados (como os referentes à validade de construto e aos tipos de escalas de IE existentes). Estes e outros aspectos serão relatados e problematizados ao longo do artigo. Palavras-chave: Inteligência Emocional; inteligência; emoção; personalidade; testes de Inteligência Emocional. AbstractEmotional Intelligence (EI) is a recent psychological construct, and also one of the most discussed aspects regarding intelligence. Moreover, it reflects the study of the interrelations between emotion and intelligence, which allows us to infer the complexity of its conceptual field, as well as its methodological difficulties. This article aims to inform the reader of the current status of EI from a scientific point of view. Therefore, it comprises the current EI theoretical models, as well as its main characteristics, qualities, pitfalls, critics, applications and correlations with other psychological constructs. Additionally, it will be discussed the types of instruments that have been used to assess EI, including aspects and researches related to the capacity of these scales to predict behavior, independently of the existing psychometric measures. Although the progress in the development of the EI theory is noticeable, as well as the tests that are devised to measure it, there are still problems remaining unsolved which ought to be better investigated like those related to construct validity and the types of existent scales. These and other aspects will be reported and discussed throughout the article.

Emotional Intelligence and Ethics on Organizations

“…The theory predicts that EI is a valid inteligence as the others [15,27,33] and the authors of Reference [19] state that is a traditional intelligence which represents the core competence domain to reason with emotions [5,15,27], because obeys to the three required empirical criteria for classification as intelligence, the conceptual, the correlational and the development based [27]. Emotional Intelligence as recent generation concept, has a wide range of contributions, some more consensual than others, where must be highlighted as common feature to all jobs, the general acceptance that EI improves qualitatively the human being [31].…”

“…The predictive value of Emotional Intelligence is important for several areas, such as life satisfaction [34,35], research and clinical application [36], school environment and academic success [14,15] and organizational context, where EI is able to predict the good performance and work success [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34], as well as contribute to a better working environment [37]. In organizational reality is patent the magnanimity of emotion by the people that integrate it.…”

Emotional Skills And Promotion Of School Success: Preliminary Data Of An Intervention Programme With Parents

“…The same author also points out that EI consists in the ability to identify and express emotions, to understand emotions, to http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2017.09.30 Corresponding Author: M. Ferreira Selection and peer-review under Thus, the concept has a close analogy with the concept of personal intelligences, which encompass Gardner's intra and interpersonal intelligences. It should be noted that EI was first academically defined as a skill by Mayer and Salovey (1990) as a sub form of Social Intelligence that would encompass the ability to monitor one's emotions and feelings as well as those of others, discriminate and use this information to guide thoughts and actions (Woyciekoski & Hutz, 2008).…”

Inteligência Emocional, Resolução de Problemas Sociais e Rendimento Académico

“…No fundo, estudar a IE é estudar a relação existente entre a inteligência e a emoção, sendo uma das vertentes da inteligência mais estudadas no mundo contemporâneo (Woyciekoski & Hutz, 2009).…”