Intellectual functioning and the long-term course of schizophrenia-spectrum illness

Carter, J. W.; Parnas, Josef; Urfer-Parnas, Annick; Watson, Jennifer Bunn; Mednick, Sarnoff A.

doi:10.1017/s0033291710001820

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…15.2% of the FHR offspring in the NYHRP developed schizophrenia-related psychoses, and verbal memory and motor skills were sensitive predictors of disorder (83.3% and 75.0%, respectively), with associated specificities of 71.6% and 73.6% (Erlenmeyer-Kimling, Rock, Roberts, Janal, Kestenbaum, Cornblatt et al, 2000). However, in the Copenhagen HR Cohort, estimated FSIQ was not found to be predictive of schizophrenia or schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (Carter, Parnas, Urfer-Parnas, Watsone & Mednick, 2011). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocognition in youth and young adults under age 30 at familial risk for schizophrenia: A quantitative and qualitative review

Agnew-Blais

Seidman

2013

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry

138

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Neurocognitive dysfunction is a central feature of schizophrenia and is observed during all phases of the illness. Because schizophrenia is known to run in families, studying neurocognitive function in first-degree, nonpsychotic relatives has been a widely utilized strategy for almost 50 years for understanding presumed “genetic risk.” Studying nonpsychotic relatives (“familial high-risk” or (FHR)) allows for identification of cognitive vulnerability markers independent of confounds associated with psychosis. Prior meta-analyses have elucidated the level and pattern of cognitive deficits in the premorbid, prodromal and post-onset periods of psychosis, and in relatives regardless of age. However, no prior quantitative analyses have specifically focused on studies of young first-degree relatives of individuals with schizophrenia who have not passed through the peak age illness risk (< age 30). The English language literature of neuropsychological studies of first-degree relatives for schizophrenia was identified through May 15th, 2011. From 33 studies, 28 studies met our criteria for quantitative review, utilizing >70 individual tests and 250 variables. In general, young FHR individuals demonstrated deficits with a moderate level of severity compared with healthy controls. The largest average effect sizes (ESs), based on tests given in at least 3 independent studies, were on estimates of Full Scale IQ (d=−0.777), followed by Vocabulary (d=−0.749) and single word reading tests (d=−0.698) (often used as estimates of IQ). Measures of sustained attention, working memory and others had more modest ESs. Deficits were milder than in established schizophrenia, but at least as severe as in clinical high-risk (HR) or putatively prodromal participants and in older relatives examined in prior meta-analyses. Additionally, while assessed from a more limited literature, youth at FHR for schizophrenia tended to show worse neurocognitive functioning than those at FHR for affective psychosis. This suggests that genetic risk for schizophrenia as reflected in a positive FHR carries an especially heavy impact on cognitive ability.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocognition in youth and young adults under age 30 at familial risk for schizophrenia: A quantitative and qualitative review

Agnew-Blais

Seidman

2013

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry

138

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“…VIQ and PIQ). Interestingly, a longitudinal study of schizophrenia-spectrum patients (Carter et al, 2010) found no significant IQ decline from 15 years old, as assessed by the WISC, to 24 years old as assessed by the WAIS SF comprising of Vocabulary and Block Design. Their finding supports the notion that intellectual structure is not substantially affected by the progress of the disease, at least in terms of the verbalperformance dimensions represented by Vocabulary and Block Design.…”

Section: Intelligence Structure In Patients With Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of brief versions of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for schizophrenia: Considerations of the structure and predictability of intelligence

Sumiyoshi

Uetsuki

Suga

et al. 2013

Psychiatry Research

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“…Along with it, schizophrenic patients experience disturbances on activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). 5,6 Activities of daily living (ADLs) are activities to fulfill physical needs, including grooming, clothing, urinating/defecating, walking, and feeding. 7 Instrumental activities of daily living comprise of more complex activities for independent living, such as managing finances and medication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Daily Living Performance in Schizophrenic Patients in Correlation with Positive and Negative Symptoms

Putri

Kurnianingsih

Andayani

2020

amj

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Background: Schizophrenia is a global mental health problem. Patients experience problems in their daily-living performance. Positive and negative symptoms have been part of characteristics of schizophrenia that are absent in normal individuals, which include a distinctive fundamental distortion of thoughts and perception (positive symptoms) and loss of normal function and behavior (negative symptoms). This study aimed to explore the correlation between positive and negative symptoms and daily-living performance in schizophrenia. Methods: A correlative analytical study with a cross-sectional approach was conducted using secondary data from the Outpatient Clinic of the Mental Hospital of West Java Province. Data on socio-demographic characteristics were collected and positive and negative symptoms as assessed by Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale or Subscales (PANSS) were correlated with the activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), which were further analyzed by Spearman's correlation test. Results: In total, 31 male schizophrenic patients aged between 24-45 years old. There was no significant correlation between ADLs dependency levels and both positive and negative symptoms. However, there was a significant correlation between IADLs function and positive symptoms and not with negative symptoms. Conclusions: Even though no correlation was identified between ADLs dependency levels with positive and negative symptoms, the ADLs and IADLs assessments should be considered as important tools for schizophrenic patients for rehabilitation to improve daily-living functioning.

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Intellectual functioning and the long-term course of schizophrenia-spectrum illness

Cited by 12 publications

References 75 publications

Neurocognition in youth and young adults under age 30 at familial risk for schizophrenia: A quantitative and qualitative review

Neurocognition in youth and young adults under age 30 at familial risk for schizophrenia: A quantitative and qualitative review

Development of brief versions of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for schizophrenia: Considerations of the structure and predictability of intelligence

Daily Living Performance in Schizophrenic Patients in Correlation with Positive and Negative Symptoms

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