Intellectual Impairment in Children of Women Who Smoke Cigarettes During Pregnancy

Olds, David L.; Henderson, Charles; Tatelbaum, Robert

doi:10.1097/00006254-199408000-00010

Cited by 110 publications

(173 citation statements)

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“…In a prospective cohort study, Fried and colleagues (Fried, 1995) observed systematic differences between children born to 'heavy smokers' (420 cigarettes/day) and to non-smoking mothers, in several cognitive domains, including processing of auditory stimuli, attention, and language comprehension. Other (Olds et al, 1994;Lassen and Oei, 1998;Obel et al, 1998) but not all (MacArthur et al, 2001) investigators have observed similar effects. Furthermore, a recent study in adolescent smokers described deficits in visuospatial memory that was greater in individuals exposed to maternal cigarette smoking prenatally, as compared with nonexposed adolescents (Jacobsen et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Prenatal Exposure to Maternal Cigarette Smoking and the Adolescent Cerebral Cortex

Toro

Leonard

Lerner

et al. 2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

133

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Smoking during pregnancy is associated with long-term consequences on offspring behavior. We measured thickness of the cerebral cortex using magnetic resonance images obtained in 155 adolescents exposed in utero to maternal smoking and compared them with 159 non-exposed subjects matched by maternal education. Orbitofrontal, middle frontal, and parahippocampal cortices were thinner in exposed, as compared with non-exposed, individuals; these differences were more pronounced in female adolescents. In exposed females, the thickness of the orbitofrontal cortex correlated negatively with a self-rated assessment of caring, one of the components of a model of positive youth development. These findings provide evidence of the long-term impact of prenatal environment on a neural substrate of cognition and social behavior.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Prenatal Exposure to Maternal Cigarette Smoking and the Adolescent Cerebral Cortex

Toro

Leonard

Lerner

et al. 2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

133

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“…However, studies of both young and older children prenatally exposed to nicotine have revealed abnormalities in learning and memory 227,228 and slightly lower IQ scores. 201,[229][230][231] Prenatal alcohol exposure frequently is cited as the most common, preventable cause of nongenetic intellectual disability. Although IQ scores are lower in alcohol-exposed offspring, 207,232 they can be variable.…”

Section: Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Substance Abuse: Short- and Long-term Effects on the Exposed Fetus

Behnke¹,

Levy²,

Ammerman³

et al. 2013

Pediatrics

497

389

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Prenatal substance abuse continues to be a significant problem in this country and poses important health risks for the developing fetus. The primary care pediatrician’s role in addressing prenatal substance exposure includes prevention, identification of exposure, recognition of medical issues for the exposed newborn infant, protection of the infant, and follow-up of the exposed infant. This report will provide information for the most common drugs involved in prenatal exposure: nicotine, alcohol, marijuana, opiates, cocaine, and methamphetamine.

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“…Children born to nurse-visited mothers who smoked during pregnancy were less likely to be born prematurely, to have an irritable temperament, and to have a lower IQ score at age 4 years, compared with their nonvisited counterparts. 72 Childhood Disruptive Behaviour Disorders: Review of Their Origin, Development, and Prevention…”

Section: Preventive Experiments For Dbdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Disruptive Behaviour Disorders: Review of Their Origin, Development, and Prevention

Petitclerc

Tremblay

2009

Can J Psychiatry

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Objective:To review preventive studies of disruptive behaviour disorders (DBDs) in light of recent empirical knowledge on their development. Method:We draw on the results of longitudinal studies of children starting in infancy to examine the onset, development, and risk factors for DBD symptoms. We review randomized controlled trials of preventive interventions provided to families before the child is aged 3 years, with reported outcome measures of DBD symptoms at follow-up. Results:Children who present high levels of DBD symptoms start to do so in the first 2 years of life and have risk factors that can be identified in the mother during pregnancy or even earlier, and shortly after the child's birth. Most preventive experiments have started relatively late after birth and have targeted parenting, with weak effects on children's DBDs. Preventive experiments that have provided intensive intervention to at-risk mothers starting during pregnancy have shown important effects in reducing key risk factors and some of the most severe consequences of DBDs. However, even those experiments have not succeeded in preventing childhood DBDs in the home and school contexts. Conclusions:We suggest adopting a sequential, multitarget, intergenerational, experimental approach both to increase our knowledge about causal mechanisms and to increase our effectiveness in curbing DBDs and their serious lifelong consequences.Can J Psychiatry. 2009;54(4):222-231. Clinical Implications· Potentially alterable risk factors for child DBDs are identifiable in the mothers before, during, or shortly after pregnancy. · Serious consequences of DBDs can be prevented when interventions start during pregnancy and target multiple risk factors. Limitations· More experimental preventive interventions are needed during pregnancy and early childhood to understand causal mechanisms and effective interventions. · Experiments need to focus on the interplay between genes and environment, especially environmental effects on gene expression.

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Intellectual Impairment in Children of Women Who Smoke Cigarettes During Pregnancy

Cited by 110 publications

References 0 publications

Prenatal Exposure to Maternal Cigarette Smoking and the Adolescent Cerebral Cortex

Prenatal Exposure to Maternal Cigarette Smoking and the Adolescent Cerebral Cortex

Prenatal Substance Abuse: Short- and Long-term Effects on the Exposed Fetus

Childhood Disruptive Behaviour Disorders: Review of Their Origin, Development, and Prevention

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