Intellectual Property Rights in CAFTA-DR and Pharmaceuticals in Costa Rica

Ending the Tradeoff: Harmonizing Efficiency and Effectiveness in Environmental Licensing and Enforcement Systems

“…22 When the public is given access, these systems can provide a strong mechanism for transparency and offer a check against back-office decisions that are not based on merit. 23 Known as "single window" systems because all procedures are encompassed in one interface, these information platforms coordinate, streamline, and consolidate internal procedures from each government agency and department that has a role in the licensing process. These systems channel all project application and licensing data through a single electronic case file that enables the tracking of project status -including the compliance history -throughout the project lifecycle.…”

“…Since 2009, the Dominican Republic has led the LAC region in pioneering the deployment of a web-based single-window environmental licensing registry to promote commercial investment. 28 Based on the NEPAssist tool developed by the US EPA, the system streamlines licensing procedures for investors, coordinates the tasks of competent government ministries, and enables the tracking and monitoring of the compliance status of specific projects over time. 29 The system is also accessible to the public, offering unprecedented transparency concerning the environmental performance of commercial activities.…”

“…At the 2014 DR-CAFTA forum, representatives found consensus around the idea of maximizing efficiency and effectiveness by tailoring the level of environmental review to the circumstances and level of impact of each proposed activity, focusing full EIA studies on proposed actions with the highest potential for significant impact. 35 A graduated scale for depth of review would ensure that all levels of impact are subject to performance, accountability, and reporting requirements that are adequate and appropriate for decision-makers to correctly allow or deny a proposed activity. 36 This approach would include early review of proposed projects, resulting in legally binding provisions regarding environmental measures to be taken to ensure compliance if the license, permit, or authorization is granted.…”