Intelligent algorithms: new avenues for designing nanophotonic devices [Invited]

Ma, Lifeng; Li, Jing; Liu, Zhouhui; Zhang, Yuxuan; Zhang, Nianen; Zheng, Shuqiao; Lu, Cuicui

doi:10.3788/col202119.011301

Cited by 39 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The DBS algorithm has unparalleled advantages in realizing the design of on-chip micro-nano optical devices, due to its fast calculation speed, simple basic ideas, and convenient algorithm calculations. It can usually be applied to the design of a small parameter space [25]. At the same time, the digital element structure created by the DBS algorithm is more helpful for ensuing handling and fabrication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-Compact Power Splitters with Low Loss in Arbitrary Direction Based on Inverse Design Method

Xie

et al. 2021

Photonics

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The power splitter is a device that splits the energy from an input signal into multiple outputs with equal or uneven energy. Recently, the use of algorithms to intelligently design silicon-based photonic devices has attracted widespread attention. Thus, many optimization algorithms, which are called inverse design algorithms, have been proposed. In this paper, we use the Direct Binary Search (DBS) algorithm designed with three 1 × 3 power splitters with arbitrary directions theoretically. They have any direction and can be connected to other devices in any direction, which greatly reduces the space occupied by the optical integrated circuit. Through the simulation that comes about, we are able to get the insertion loss (IL) of the device we designed to be less than 5.55 dB, 5.49 dB, and 5.32 dB, separately. Then, the wavelength is 1530–1560 nm, so it can be used in the optical communication system. To discuss the impact of the footprint on device performance, we also designed another device with the same function as the second one from the above three devices. Its IL is less than 5.40 dB. Although it occupies a larger area, it has an advantage in IL. Through the design results, three 1 × 3 power splitters can be freely combined to realize any direction, multi-channel, ultra-compact power splitters, and can be better connected with different devices to achieve different functions. At the same time, we also show an example of a combination. The IL of each port of the combined 1 × 6 power splitter is less than 8.82 dB.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-Compact Power Splitters with Low Loss in Arbitrary Direction Based on Inverse Design Method

Xie

et al. 2021

Photonics

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“…However, it should be emphasized that improving coupling efficiency of such an integrated device could lead to an enhancement of signal-to-noise ratio and promote sensitivity of chip-scale AM. Further improvement on coupling efficiency of grating coupler is realizable with the help of bottom metal mirror [ 70 ], apodized grating [ 71 ], and inverse design methods such as intelligent algorithms [ 72 ] and deep neural networks (DNNs) [ 73 ]. As for mode converter, multi-stage [ 74 ] or adiabatic taper [ 75 , 76 ] are beneficial to improvement of conversion efficiency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Polarization-Splitting Grating Coupler for Chip-Scale Atomic Magnetometer

Liang

et al. 2022

Biosensors

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Atomic magnetometers (AMs) are widely acknowledged as one of the most sensitive kind of instruments for bio-magnetic field measurement. Recently, there has been growing interest in developing chip-scale AMs through nanophotonics and current CMOS-compatible nanofabrication technology, in pursuit of substantial reduction in volume and cost. In this study, an integrated polarization-splitting grating coupler is demonstrated to achieve both efficient coupling and polarization splitting at the D1 transition wavelength of rubidium (795 nm). With this device, linearly polarized probe light that experienced optical rotation due to magnetically induced circular birefringence (of alkali medium) can be coupled and split into individual output ports. This is especially advantageous for emerging chip-scale AMs in that differential detection of ultra-weak magnetic field can be achieved through compact planar optical components. In addition, the device is designed with silicon nitride material on silicon dioxide that is deposited on a silicon substrate, being compatible with the current CMOS nanofabrication industry. Our study paves the way for the development of on-chip AMs that are the foundation for future multi-channel high-spatial resolution bio-magnetic imaging instruments.

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“…where the right part contains all the power of the guided mode coupled to all radiation modes per unit length, that is, the emission profile. GA has excellent adaptive optimization global search capability [28] , which is suitable for our tricky optimization problem without any prior knowledge to realize an approximate Gaussian emission profile along the grating emitter. We take the quantitative similarity between the calculated emission profile and a Gaussian model as the loss function.…”

Section: Theory and Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-performance millimeter-scale silicon grating emitters for beam steering applications

Chen¹,

Lü²,

Chen³

et al. 2022

中国光学快报

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A 2-mm-long silicon-on-insulator grating emitter with a narrow angular full width at half-maximum (FWHM) and a high sideband suppression ratio (SSR) is proposed and designed. It consists of a Si 3 N 4 =Si grating with an approximate Gaussian emission profile along the grating length, which aims to reduce the sidelobe intensity of the scanning light in the far-field, thereby improving the resolution of the longitudinal steering resolution of the light detection and ranging (lidar). Numerical analysis shows that the angular FWHM of the emitted beam could be as low as 0.026°for a grating length of 2.247 mm and the input TE-like waveguide mode at 1550 nm, and the SSR could be more than 32.622 dB. Moreover, this Si 3 N 4 =Si grating exhibits a favorable fabrication error tolerance when considering the width and length variation of the Si 3 N 4 overlayer in practice. Our design offers a promising platform for realizing integrated optical phased arrays for the long-distance solid-state lidar.

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Intelligent algorithms: new avenues for designing nanophotonic devices [Invited]

Cited by 39 publications

References 63 publications

Ultra-Compact Power Splitters with Low Loss in Arbitrary Direction Based on Inverse Design Method

Ultra-Compact Power Splitters with Low Loss in Arbitrary Direction Based on Inverse Design Method

Integrated Polarization-Splitting Grating Coupler for Chip-Scale Atomic Magnetometer

High-performance millimeter-scale silicon grating emitters for beam steering applications

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