Intelligent Arduino Based Automatic Solar Tracking System Using Light Dependent Resistors (LDRs) and Servo Motor

Abstract

With the advancement of technology things are becoming Simpler and easier in every aspect of life. Automation is the use of control systems and information technologies to reduce the need for human work. Sun is an abundant source of energy and this solar energy can be harnessed successfully using solar photovoltaic cells and photovoltaic effect to convert solar energy into electrical energy. But the conversion efficiency of a normal Photovoltaic (PV) cell is low. One of the main reason for this is that the output of Photovoltaic (PV) cell is dependent directly on the light intensity and with the position of the sun in the sky changing continuously from time to time; the absorption efficiency of an immobile solar panel would be significantly less at certain time of the day and year; for the solar photovoltaic cells are maximum productive when they are perpendicular to the sun and less productive otherwise. So to maximize the energy generation and improve the efficiency; intelligent solar trackers come into play. This paper presents the design and construction of an intelligent Arduino Based solar tracking system using Light Dependent Resistors (LDRs) and Servo-motor for tracking the movement of the sun so as to get maximum power from the solar panels as they follow the sun. It uses Light Dependent Resistors (LDRs) to sense the position of the sun which is communicated to a Arduino Uno microcontroller which then commands a set of two servo-motors to reorient the panel in order to stay perpendicular to the sun rays. The design was constructed successfully and tested.

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“…Motor Servo ialah alat berotasi menggunakan mekanisme pengendalian memakai umpan balik loop tertutup (servo) guna menjamin posisi sudut dari poros keluaran motor [10]. Gambar 6.…”